经济决策中选择变异性的神经起源。
Neuronal origins of choice variability in economic decisions.
机构信息
Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Economics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
出版信息
Neuron. 2013 Dec 4;80(5):1322-36. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2013.09.013.
To investigate the mechanisms through which economic decisions are formed, I examined the activity of neurons in the orbitofrontal cortex while monkeys chose between different juice types. Different classes of cells encoded the value of individual offers (offer value), the value of the chosen option (chosen value), or the identity of the chosen juice (chosen juice). Choice variability was partly explained by the tendency to repeat choices (choice hysteresis). Surprisingly, near-indifference decisions did not reflect fluctuations in the activity of offer value cells. In contrast, near-indifference decisions correlated with fluctuations in the preoffer activity of chosen juice cells. After the offer, the activity of chosen juice cells reflected the decision difficulty but did not resemble a race-to-threshold. Finally, chosen value cells presented an "activity overshooting" closely related to the decision difficulty and possibly due to fluctuations in the relative value of the juices. This overshooting was independent of choice hysteresis.
为了探究经济决策形成的机制，我观察了猴子在选择不同果汁种类时，眶额皮质神经元的活动。不同类型的细胞编码了单个选项的价值（选项价值）、所选选项的价值（所选价值）或所选果汁的身份（所选果汁）。选择的可变性部分由重复选择的倾向（选择滞后）解释。令人惊讶的是，近无差异的决策并不反映提供价值细胞活动的波动。相比之下，近无差异的决策与选择果汁细胞的预提供活动的波动相关。在提供选项后，选择果汁细胞的活动反映了决策难度，但并不类似于决策到阈值的竞争。最后，所选价值细胞表现出一种“活动超调”，与决策难度密切相关，可能是由于果汁相对价值的波动。这种超调与选择滞后无关。
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