Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 183, 41125 Modena, Italy.
Department of Food Science-LS9 Interlab Group, University of Parma, Via G.B. Usberti 95/a, 43134 Parma, Italy.
J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2014 Feb;89:257-67. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.11.016. Epub 2013 Nov 19.
A detailed investigation on the chemical composition and chemopreventive activity of Vaccinium floribundum Kunth berries was carried out in comparison with Vaccinium myrtillus L. Berry polyphenols were extracted by using two sequential dynamic maceration steps, which enabled to maximize the yields of secondary metabolites. In particular, phenolic acids and flavonols were extracted from berries using ethyl acetate (EtOAc), whereas anthocyanins were extracted from the residue with 0.6M HCl in methanol (MeOH). The analysis of secondary metabolites in berry extracts was performed by means of two specific HPLC methods. Phenolic acids and flavonols were analyzed on an Ascentis C18 column (250mm×4.6mm I.D., 5μm), with a gradient mobile phase composed of 0.1M HCOOH in H2O and ACN. Anthocyanin analysis was carried out on a Zorbax SB-C18 column (150mm×4.6mm I.D., 5μm), with a gradient mobile phase composed of H2O-HCOOH (9:1, v/v) and MeOH-H2O-HCOOH (5:4:1, v/v/v). Detection was performed by UV/DAD, MS and MS(2). The polyphenol composition of V. floribundum and V. myrtillus was studied in detail. The samples of V. floribundum analyzed in this study had a much higher content of both phenolic acids and flavonols in comparison with V. myrtillus (mean value 41.6±10.2 and 13.7±0.2mg/100g FW, respectively), while V. myrtillus showed a higher amount of anthocyanins if compared with V. floribundum (568.8±8.8 and mean value 376.2±49.9mg/100gFW, respectively). The extracts gave negative results in antimutagenic assays against carcinogens 2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (MeIQ) and 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4-NQO), while they performed similarly in both ABTS(+) and DPPH antioxidant assays.
对 Vaccinium floribundum Kunth 浆果的化学成分和化学预防活性进行了详细研究，并与 Vaccinium myrtillus L. 浆果进行了比较。采用两步连续动态浸渍法提取浆果多酚，最大限度地提高了次生代谢产物的产量。特别是，用乙酸乙酯（EtOAc）从浆果中提取酚酸和黄酮醇，而用 0.6M HCl 在甲醇（MeOH）中从残渣中提取花色苷。通过两种特定的 HPLC 方法对浆果提取物中的次生代谢物进行分析。用 Ascentis C18 柱（250mm×4.6mm ID，5μm）分析酚酸和黄酮醇，梯度流动相由 0.1M HCOOH 在 H2O 和 ACN 中组成。用 Zorbax SB-C18 柱（150mm×4.6mm ID，5μm）分析花色苷，梯度流动相由 H2O-HCOOH（9:1，v/v）和 MeOH-H2O-HCOOH（5:4:1，v/v/v）组成。检测采用 UV/DAD、MS 和 MS(2)。详细研究了 V. floribundum 和 V. myrtillus 的多酚组成。与 V. myrtillus 相比，本研究分析的 V. floribundum 样品中酚酸和黄酮醇的含量都要高得多（平均值分别为 41.6±10.2 和 13.7±0.2mg/100g FW），而 V. myrtillus 中的花色苷含量则高于 V. floribundum（平均值分别为 568.8±8.8 和 376.2±49.9mg/100g FW）。提取物在抗致突变试验中对致癌物质 2-氨基-3,4-二甲基咪唑[4,5-f]喹啉（MeIQ）和 4-硝基喹啉-1-氧化物（4-NQO）呈阴性结果，而在 ABTS(+)和 DPPH 抗氧化试验中表现相似。
