Center for Studies of Hong Kong, Macao and Pearl River Delta, Sun Yat-Sen University, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Management Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
Accid Anal Prev. 2014 Mar;64:30-40. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2013.11.002. Epub 2013 Nov 13.
The number of speeding- and drunk driving-related injuries in China surged in the years immediately preceding 2004 and then began to decline. However, the percent decrease in the number of speeding and drunk driving incidents (decrease by 22%) is not proportional to the corresponding percent decrease in number of automobile accident-related injuries (decrease by 47%) from the year 2004 to 2010 (Traffic Management Bureau, Ministry of Public Security, Annual Statistical Reports on Road Traffic Accidents). Earlier studies have established traffic violations as one of the major risks threatening road safety. In this study, we examine in greater detail two important types of traffic violation events, speeding and drunk driving, and attempt to identify significant risk factors associated with these types of traffic violations. Risk factors in several different dimensions, including driver, vehicle, road and environmental factors, are considered. We analyze the speeding (N=11,055) and drunk driving (N=10,035) data for the period 2006-2010 in Guangdong Province, China. These data, obtained from the Guangdong Provincial Security Department, are extracted from the Traffic Management Sector-Specific Incident Case Data Report and are the only comprehensive and official source of traffic accident data in China. Significant risk factors associating with speeding and drunk driving are identified. We find that several factors are associated with a significantly higher probability of both speeding and drunk driving, particularly male drivers, private vehicles, the lack of street lighting at night and poor visibility. The impact of other specific and unique risk factors for either speeding or drunk driving, such as hukou, road type/grades, commercial vehicles, compulsory third party insurance and vehicle safety status, also require particular attention. Legislative or regulatory measures targeting different vehicle types and/or driver groups with respect to the various driver, vehicle, road and environmental risk factors can subsequently be devised to reduce the speeding and drunk driving rates. As the country with the highest number of traffic accident fatalities in the world, applying these findings in workable legislation and enforcement to reduce speeding and drunk driving rates will save tens of thousands of lives.
中国与超速和酒后驾车相关的伤害数量在 2004 年之前的几年中迅速增加，然后开始下降。然而，从 2004 年到 2010 年，与汽车事故相关的伤害数量减少了 47%，而超速和酒后驾车事件的数量减少了 22%，这两者之间的百分比下降并不成比例（公安部交通管理局，年度道路交通事故统计报告）。早期的研究已经确定交通违法行为是威胁道路安全的主要风险之一。在这项研究中，我们更详细地研究了两种重要的交通违规行为，即超速和酒后驾车，并试图确定与这些类型的交通违规相关的重要危险因素。考虑了包括驾驶员、车辆、道路和环境因素在内的几个不同维度的危险因素。我们分析了 2006-2010 年期间广东省的超速（N=11055）和酒后驾车（N=10035）数据。这些数据来自广东省安全部门，是从交通管理部门特定事件案例数据报告中提取的，是中国唯一全面和官方的交通事故数据来源。确定了与超速和酒后驾车相关的显著危险因素。我们发现，有几个因素与超速和酒后驾车的概率显著相关，特别是男性驾驶员、私家车、夜间无街灯和能见度差。其他特定和独特的风险因素，如户籍、道路类型/等级、商用车、强制第三方保险和车辆安全状况，对超速或酒后驾车的影响也需要特别关注。针对不同车辆类型和/或驾驶员群体的各种驾驶员、车辆、道路和环境风险因素，可以制定有针对性的立法或监管措施，以降低超速和酒后驾车的发生率。作为世界上交通事故死亡人数最多的国家，将这些发现应用于可行的立法和执法中，以降低超速和酒后驾车的发生率，将挽救数以万计的生命。
