Pellicer-Chover Hilario, Peñarrocha-Oltra David, Bagán Leticia, Fichy-Fernandez Antonio-J, Canullo Luigi, Peñarrocha-Diago Miguel
Universidad de Valencia, Clínica Odontológica, Unidad de Cirugía Bucal, Calle Gascó Oliag 1, 46021 Valencia, Spain,
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2014 May 1;19(3):e295-301. doi: 10.4317/medoral.19536.
To evaluate and compare peri-implant health, marginal bone loss and success of immediate and delayed implant placement for rehabilitation with full-arch fixed prostheses.
The present study was a prospective, randomized, single-blind, clinical preliminary trial. Patients were randomized into two treatment groups. In Group A implants were placed immediately post-extraction and in Group B six months after extraction. The following control time-points were established: one week, six months and twelve months after loading. Measurements were taken of peri-implant crevicular fluid volume, plaque index, gingival retraction, keratinized mucosa, probing depth, modified gingival index and presence of mucositis. Implant success rates were evaluated for the two groups. The study sample included fifteen patients (nine women and six men) with a mean average age of 63.7 years. One hundred and forty-four implants were placed: 76 placed in healed sites and 68 placed immediately.
At the moment of prosthetic loading, keratinized mucosa width and probing depth were higher in immediate implants than delayed implants, with statistically significant differences. However, after six and twelve months, differences between groups had disappeared. Bone loss was 0.54 ± 0.39 mm for immediate implants and 0.66 ± 0.25 mm for delayed implants (p=0.201). No implants failed in either group.
The present study with a short follow-up and a small sample yielded no statistically significant differences in implant success and peri-implant marginal bone loss between immediate and delayed implants with fixed full-arch prostheses. Peri-implant health showed no statistically significant differences for any of the studied parameters (crevicular fluid volume, plaque index, gingival retraction, keratinized mucosa, probing depth, modified gingival index and presence of mucositis) at the twelve-month follow-up.
评估和比较即刻种植与延期种植用于全牙弓固定修复时的种植体周围健康状况、边缘骨吸收及成功率。
本研究为一项前瞻性、随机、单盲临床初步试验。患者被随机分为两个治疗组。A组在拔牙后即刻植入种植体，B组在拔牙后6个月植入。设定了以下对照时间点：加载后1周、6个月和12个月。测量种植体周围龈沟液量、菌斑指数、牙龈退缩、角化黏膜、探诊深度、改良牙龈指数及黏膜炎的存在情况。评估两组的种植体成功率。研究样本包括15名患者（9名女性和6名男性），平均年龄63.7岁。共植入144枚种植体：76枚植入愈合位点，68枚即刻植入。
在修复体加载时，即刻种植体的角化黏膜宽度和探诊深度高于延期种植体，差异有统计学意义。然而，6个月和12个月后，组间差异消失。即刻种植体的骨吸收为0.54±0.39mm，延期种植体为0.66±0.25mm（p=0.201）。两组均无种植体失败。
本研究随访时间短且样本量小，在使用全牙弓固定修复体的即刻种植与延期种植之间，种植体成功率和种植体周围边缘骨吸收无统计学显著差异。在12个月随访时，对于任何研究参数（龈沟液量、菌斑指数、牙龈退缩、角化黏膜、探诊深度、改良牙龈指数及黏膜炎的存在情况），种植体周围健康状况均无统计学显著差异。
