Department for Environmental Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box, 2720 BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Department for Environmental Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box, 2720 BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands; Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80178, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Sci Total Environ. 2014 Feb 15;472:572-81. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.11.099. Epub 2013 Dec 6.
The oxidative potential (OP) of particulate matter (PM) has been proposed as a more health relevant metric than PM mass. Different assays exist for measuring OP and little is known about how the different assays compare.
To assess the OP of PM collected at different site types and to evaluate differences between locations, size fractions and correlation with PM mass and PM composition for different measurement methods for OP.
PM2.5 and PM10 was sampled at 5 sites: an underground station, a farm, 2 traffic sites and an urban background site. Three a-cellular assays; dithiothreitol (OP(DTT)), electron spin resonance (OP(ESR)) and ascorbate depletion (OP(AA)) were used to characterize the OP of PM.
The highest OP was observed at the underground, where OP of PM10 was 30 (OP(DTT)) to >600 (OP(ESR)) times higher compared to the urban background when expressed as OP/m(3) and 2-40 times when expressed as OP/μg. For the outdoor sites, samples from the farm showed significantly lower OP(ESR) and OP(AA), whereas samples from the continuous traffic site showed the highest OP for all assays. Contrasts in OP between sites were generally larger than for PM mass and were lower for OP(DTT) compared to OP(ESR) and OP(AA). Furthermore, OP(DTT)/μg was significantly higher in PM2.5 compared to PM10, whereas the reverse was the case for OP(ESR). OP(ESR) and OP(AA) were highly correlated with traffic-related PM components (i.e. EC, Fe, Cu, PAHs), whereas OP(DTT) showed the highest correlation with PM mass and OC.
Contrasts in OP between sites, differences in size fractions and correlation with PM composition depended on the specific OP assay used, with OP(ESR) and OP(AA) showing the most similar results. This suggests that either OP(ESR) or OP(AA) and OP(DTT) can complement each other in providing information regarding the oxidative properties of PM, which can subsequently be used to study its health effects.
颗粒物（PM）的氧化电位（OP）比 PM 质量更能反映健康相关性。目前有多种用于测量 OP 的方法，但对于不同方法之间的比较知之甚少。
评估不同地点采集的 PM 的 OP，并评估不同测量方法的 OP 与 PM 质量和 PM 成分之间的相关性，以及不同地点、大小分级之间的差异。
在 5 个地点采集 PM2.5 和 PM10：一个地铁站、一个农场、两个交通站点和一个城市背景站点。使用三种无细胞测定法：二硫苏糖醇（OP(DTT)）、电子自旋共振（OP(ESR)）和抗坏血酸消耗（OP(AA)）来表征 PM 的 OP。
在地铁站，PM10 的 OP(DTT)是城市背景站点的 30（OP(DTT)) 到 >600 倍（OP(ESR)），当以 OP/m3 表示时，2-40 倍；当以 OP/μg 表示时。对于户外站点，来自农场的样品的 OP(ESR)和 OP(AA)明显较低，而连续交通站点的样品则显示出所有测定法中最高的 OP。站点之间的 OP 差异通常大于 PM 质量，并且与 OP(ESR)和 OP(AA)相比，OP(DTT)较低。此外，PM2.5 中的 OP(DTT)/μg 明显高于 PM10，而 OP(ESR)则相反。OP(ESR)和 OP(AA)与交通相关的 PM 成分（即 EC、Fe、Cu、PAHs）高度相关，而 OP(DTT)与 PM 质量和 OC 相关性最高。
站点之间的 OP 差异、大小分级的差异以及与 PM 成分的相关性取决于所用的特定 OP 测定法，其中 OP(ESR)和 OP(AA)的结果最为相似。这表明 OP(ESR)或 OP(AA)和 OP(DTT)可以相互补充，提供有关 PM 氧化特性的信息，随后可用于研究其健康影响。
