Janet E. Simon, MS, ATC, Indiana University, 1025 East Seventh Street, Bloomington, IN 47405.
Am J Sports Med. 2014 Feb;42(2):423-9. doi: 10.1177/0363546513510393. Epub 2013 Dec 6.
College athletes participate in physical activity that may increase chronic stress and injury and induce overtraining. However, there is little known about how previous injuries that have occurred during college may limit current physical activity and/or decrease their subsequent health-related quality of life (HRQoL).
To evaluate HRQoL in former United States National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I athletes and nonathletes with the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) and a demographics questionnaire.
Cohort study (prognosis); Level of evidence, 2.
The study sample was recruited through alumni databases at a large Midwestern university and consisted of 2 cohorts: (1) former Division I athletes and (2) nonathletes who participated in recreational activity, club sports, or intramurals while attending college. Participants answered a survey constructed with a web-based system. All individuals contacted were between the ages of 40 and 65 years. Study participants responded to the questions on the PROMIS scales for sleep, anxiety, depression, fatigue, pain interference, physical function, and satisfaction with participation in social roles. The PROMIS was developed to fill the void of HRQoL being evaluated by multiple instruments. An additional questionnaire was constructed to record demographic and exercise information.
Initially, 1280 former Division I athletes and nonathletes were contacted; 638 surveys were returned (49.8%). Surveys eligible for analyses (71.6%) were completed by 232 former Division I athletes (mean age ± SD, 53.36 ± 7.11 years) and 225 nonathletes (mean age ± SD, 53.60 ± 6.79 years). Univariate analyses for the effect of group was significantly related to PROMIS scales for physical function, depression, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and pain interference (P < .05). The overall scores were significantly worse for the former Division I athletes than for the nonathletes on 5 of the 7 scales. In addition, the former Division I athletes reported significantly more limitations in daily activities and more major and chronic injuries than did the nonathlete controls.
According to these data, former Division I athletes have decreased HRQoL compared with nonathletes.
Sports encourage physical activity, which help promote a healthy lifestyle. Moderate activity and exercise should be encouraged. However, the demands of Division I athletics may result in injuries that linger into adulthood and possibly make participants incapable of staying active as they age, thereby lowering their HRQoL.
大学生运动员参加的体育活动可能会增加慢性压力和受伤风险，并导致过度训练。然而，人们对大学期间发生的既往损伤如何限制当前的体育活动和/或降低他们随后的健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）知之甚少。
使用患者报告的结果测量信息系统（PROMIS）和人口统计学问卷评估美国前全国大学生体育协会一级运动员和非运动员的 HRQoL。
队列研究（预后）；证据水平，2。
研究样本通过一所大型中西部大学的校友数据库招募，包括 2 个队列：（1）前一级运动员，（2）非运动员，他们在大学期间参加娱乐活动、俱乐部运动或校内体育活动。参与者通过一个基于网络的系统回答了一份调查。所有联系到的人年龄都在 40 到 65 岁之间。研究参与者回答了 PROMIS 量表关于睡眠、焦虑、抑郁、疲劳、疼痛干扰、身体功能和参与社会角色的满意度的问题。PROMIS 是为了填补通过多种工具评估 HRQoL 的空白而开发的。还构建了一个额外的问卷来记录人口统计学和运动信息。
最初联系了 1280 名前一级运动员和非运动员，有 638 份调查返回（49.8%）。可用于分析的调查（71.6%）由 232 名前一级运动员（平均年龄±标准差，53.36±7.11 岁）和 225 名非运动员（平均年龄±标准差，53.60±6.79 岁）完成。组间单变量分析表明，在身体功能、抑郁、疲劳、睡眠障碍和疼痛干扰方面，分组的影响具有统计学意义（P<.05）。与非运动员相比，前一级运动员在 7 个量表中的 5 个量表的总体得分明显更差。此外，前一级运动员报告的日常活动限制和主要慢性损伤明显多于非运动员对照组。
根据这些数据，前一级运动员的 HRQoL 明显低于非运动员。
运动鼓励体育活动，有助于促进健康的生活方式。应鼓励适度的活动和锻炼。然而，一级竞技体育的要求可能会导致受伤，这些伤病会持续到成年期，并可能使运动员随着年龄的增长无法保持活跃，从而降低他们的 HRQoL。
