Martínez J A, Barcina Y, Larralde J
Growth. 1986 Summer;50(2):178-84.
The influence of diets containing faba bean or casein as sources of protein were studied in rats at two stages of development. A significant impairment of growth rate, carcass, liver and skeletal muscle were found in young and adult rats fed for a period of 10 days on raw legume. Urinary urea output and the activities of three amino acid degrading enzymes: arginase, alanine aminotransferase and arginine succinate synthetase were all affected by the dietary protein and the stage of development. Urinary creatinine excretion was higher in the adult rats, while serum cholesterol was slightly increased in the young ones. Changes in plasma zinc may be attributed to a reduced zinc bioavailability to rats from the faba bean diet. Other biochemical parameters measured (glucose, triglycerides and plasma proteins) remained unchanged in all the experimental groups. Liver DNA and RNA content (mg/g tissue) decreased with age in both dietary groups, which were accompanied by an increase in tissue size. Furthermore, liver RNA concentration (primarily a measure of protein synthesis capacity) was enhanced in the adult legume fed rats. In this context, it is suggested that other organs (particularly muscle, with lower amino acid requirements for protein synthesis as a consequence of the stunting of growth) could contribute to increase the amino acid supply to liver in the animals fed on the faba bean diet.
在大鼠发育的两个阶段，研究了以蚕豆或酪蛋白为蛋白质来源的饮食的影响。用生豆类喂养10天的幼鼠和成年大鼠，其生长速率、胴体、肝脏和骨骼肌均出现显著损伤。尿尿素排出量以及三种氨基酸降解酶（精氨酸酶、丙氨酸转氨酶和精氨酸琥珀酸合成酶）的活性均受饮食蛋白质和发育阶段的影响。成年大鼠的尿肌酐排泄较高，而幼鼠的血清胆固醇略有升高。血浆锌的变化可能归因于蚕豆饮食中大鼠对锌的生物利用率降低。所有实验组中其他测量的生化参数（葡萄糖、甘油三酯和血浆蛋白）均保持不变。两个饮食组的肝脏DNA和RNA含量（mg/g组织）均随年龄增长而降低，同时组织大小增加。此外，成年期喂食豆类的大鼠肝脏RNA浓度（主要衡量蛋白质合成能力）有所提高。在此背景下，有人提出，在以蚕豆为食的动物中，其他器官（特别是肌肉，由于生长发育迟缓，其蛋白质合成对氨基酸的需求量较低）可能有助于增加肝脏的氨基酸供应。
