Department of Artificial Intelligence, University of Groningen, Netherlands.
Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science Center Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Conscious Cogn. 2014 Jan;23:32-9. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2013.11.001. Epub 2013 Dec 8.
The information processing capacity of the human mind is limited, as is evidenced by the so-called 'attentional-blink' deficit. This deficit is believed to result from competition between stimuli for limited attentional resources. We examined to what extent advanced meditators can manipulate their attentional state and control performance on an attentional blink task. We compared the magnitude of the attentional blink between states of focused attention meditation (in which one focuses tightly on an object) and states of open monitoring meditation (in which one is simply aware of whatever comes into experience) in a sample of experienced meditators. We found a smaller attentional blink during open monitoring compared to focused attention meditation due to reduced T1 capture. Of note, this effect was only found for very experienced meditators (on average 10,704 h of experience). These data may suggest that very advanced practitioners can exert some control over their conscious experience.
人类思维的信息处理能力是有限的，这一点可以从所谓的“注意瞬脱”缺陷中得到证明。这种缺陷据信是由于刺激之间对有限注意资源的竞争造成的。我们研究了高级冥想者在多大程度上可以控制他们的注意力状态，并在注意力瞬脱任务上控制表现。我们在一组经验丰富的冥想者中比较了专注注意力冥想（在这种冥想中，人们紧紧地专注于一个物体）和开放监控冥想（在这种冥想中，人们只是意识到进入体验的任何东西）两种状态下的注意力瞬脱程度。我们发现，由于 T1 捕获的减少，在开放监控中注意力瞬脱较小。值得注意的是，这种效应仅在非常有经验的冥想者中发现（平均有 10704 小时的经验）。这些数据可能表明，非常高级的从业者可以对他们的意识经验施加一些控制。
