Widom Cathy Spatz, Czaja Sally, Dutton Mary Ann
Psychology Department, John Jay College, City University of New York, New York City, NY, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
Child Abuse Negl. 2014 Apr;38(4):650-63. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2013.11.004. Epub 2013 Dec 9.
This paper describes the extent to which abused and neglected children report intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization and perpetration when followed up into middle adulthood. Using data from a prospective cohort design study, children (ages 0-11) with documented histories of physical and sexual abuse and/or neglect (n=497) were matched with children without such histories (n=395) and assessed in adulthood (Mage=39.5). Prevalence, number, and variety of four types of IPV (psychological abuse, physical violence, sexual violence, and injury) were measured. Over 80% of both groups - childhood abuse and neglect (CAN) and controls - reported some form of IPV victimization during the past year (most commonly psychological abuse) and about 75% of both groups reported perpetration of IPV toward their partner. Controlling for age, sex, and race, overall CAN [adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=1.60, 95% CI [1.03, 2.49]], physical abuse (AOR=2.52, 95% CI [1.17, 5.40]), and neglect (AOR=1.64, 95% CI [1.04, 2.59]) predicted increased risk for being victimized by a partner via physical injury. CAN and neglect also predicted being victimized by a greater number and variety of IPV acts. CAN and control groups did not differ in reports of perpetration of IPV, although neglect predicted greater likelihood of perpetrating physical injury to a partner, compared to controls. Abused/neglected females were more likely to report being injured by their partner, whereas maltreated males did not. This study found that child maltreatment increases risk for the most serious form of IPV involving physical injury. Increased attention should be paid to IPV (victimization and perpetration) in individuals with histories of neglect.
本文描述了受虐待和被忽视儿童在步入中年后报告亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)受害和施暴情况的程度。利用一项前瞻性队列设计研究的数据,将有身体和性虐待及/或忽视记录史的儿童(0至11岁,n = 497)与无此类历史的儿童(n = 395)进行匹配,并在成年期(平均年龄 = 39.5岁)进行评估。测量了四种类型IPV(心理虐待、身体暴力、性暴力和伤害)的患病率、数量和种类。两组——童年虐待和忽视(CAN)组及对照组——均有超过80%的人报告在过去一年中遭受过某种形式的IPV受害(最常见的是心理虐待),且两组约75%的人报告对伴侣实施过IPV。在控制年龄、性别和种族后,总体CAN组[调整后的优势比(AOR)= 1.60,95%置信区间[1.03, 2.49]]、身体虐待组(AOR = 2.52,95%置信区间[1.17, 5.40])和忽视组(AOR = 1.64,95%置信区间[1.04, 2.59])预测因身体伤害而成为伴侣受害者的风险增加。CAN组和忽视组还预测会遭受更多种类和数量的IPV行为侵害。CAN组和对照组在IPV施暴报告方面没有差异,不过与对照组相比,忽视组预测对伴侣实施身体伤害的可能性更大。受虐待/被忽视的女性更有可能报告被伴侣伤害,而受虐待的男性则不然。本研究发现,儿童期虐待会增加涉及身体伤害的最严重形式的IPV风险。应更加关注有忽视史个体的IPV(受害和施暴)情况。