Nesbitt Rebecca J, Herfat Safa T, Boguszewski Daniel V, Engel Andrew J, Galloway Marc T, Shearn Jason T
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
J Biomech. 2014 Jun 27;47(9):2022-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.11.029. Epub 2013 Nov 25.
Knee soft tissue structures are frequently injured, leading to the development of osteoarthritis even with treatment. Understanding how these structures contribute to knee function during activities of daily living (ADLs) is crucial in creating more effective treatments. This study was designed to determine the role of different knee structures during a simulated ADL in both human knees and ovine stifle joints. A six degree-of-freedom robot was used to reproduce each species' in vivo gait while measuring three-dimensional joint forces and torques. Using a semi-randomized selective cutting method, we determined the primary and secondary structures contributing to the forces and torques along and about each anatomical axis. In both species, the bony interaction, ACL, and medial meniscus provided most of the force contributions during stance, whereas the ovine MCL, human bone, and ACLs of both species were the key contributors during swing. This study contributes to our overarching goal of establishing functional tissue engineering parameters for knee structures by further validating biomechanical similarities between the ovine model and the human to provide a platform for measuring biomechanics during an in vivo ADL. These parameters will be used to develop more effective treatments for knee injuries to reduce or eliminate the incidence of osteoarthritis.
膝关节软组织结构经常受伤，即使经过治疗也会导致骨关节炎的发展。了解这些结构在日常生活活动（ADL）中如何对膝关节功能产生影响，对于制定更有效的治疗方法至关重要。本研究旨在确定不同膝关节结构在模拟ADL过程中在人类膝关节和绵羊膝关节中的作用。使用一个六自由度机器人在测量三维关节力和扭矩的同时再现每个物种的体内步态。采用半随机选择性切割方法，我们确定了沿每个解剖轴以及围绕每个解剖轴的力和扭矩的主要和次要结构。在两个物种中，骨相互作用、前交叉韧带（ACL）和内侧半月板在站立期间提供了大部分力的贡献，而绵羊的内侧副韧带（MCL）、人类骨骼以及两个物种的ACL在摆动期间是关键贡献者。本研究通过进一步验证绵羊模型与人类之间的生物力学相似性，为建立膝关节结构的功能组织工程参数这一总体目标做出了贡献，从而提供一个在体内ADL期间测量生物力学的平台。这些参数将用于开发更有效的膝关节损伤治疗方法，以降低或消除骨关节炎的发病率。
