Lai Chih-Cheng, Hsueh Po-Ren
Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan.
Future Microbiol. 2014;9(1):93-106. doi: 10.2217/fmb.13.138.
The isolation rate of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) species and the prevalence of NTM-associated diseases are on the rise in Asian, as well as in Western countries; however, the species distribution of NTM isolates and the types of diseases caused by NTM species vary from region to region. In this review, we present an update on the epidemiology of NTM in Asia. We demonstrate that the distribution of NTM species varies within Asia and differs from that in North America and Europe. In addition, the clinical manifestations of NTM diseases include respiratory tract infections, disseminated infections, skin and soft tissue infections, lymphadenitis, empyema, ocular infections, CNS infections and genitourinary infections. Finally, the rate of adaptive resistance of anti-NTM antimicrobial agents remains high and may be associated with a poor outcome for patients with NTM diseases.
在亚洲以及西方国家，非结核分枝杆菌（NTM）菌种的分离率和NTM相关疾病的患病率都在上升；然而，NTM分离株的菌种分布以及由NTM菌种引起的疾病类型因地区而异。在本综述中，我们介绍了亚洲NTM流行病学的最新情况。我们证明，NTM菌种的分布在亚洲内部各不相同，且与北美和欧洲不同。此外，NTM疾病的临床表现包括呼吸道感染、播散性感染、皮肤和软组织感染、淋巴结炎、脓胸、眼部感染、中枢神经系统感染和泌尿生殖系统感染。最后，抗NTM抗菌药物的适应性耐药率仍然很高，可能与NTM疾病患者的不良预后有关。
