a Interdisciplinary Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences , Bar-Ilan University , Ramat Gan , Israel.
Aging Ment Health. 2014 Jul;18(5):610-8. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2013.860951. Epub 2013 Dec 12.
This longitudinal investigation addressed whether and how lifetime cumulative adversity and depressive symptoms moderated age-related decline in markers of physical, mental, and cognitive health.
1248 older adults (mean age = 62 at Wave 1) who completed the first two waves of the Israeli component of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE-Israel) reported on exposure to potentially traumatic life events, depressive symptoms, and three outcomes - disability, quality of life, and cognitive markers.
Age was related to greater functional decline in outcome measures across the two waves (i.e., increase in disability and decrease in quality of life and cognitive functioning). This age-related decline became stronger as lifetime adversity increased. A three-way interaction showed that the greatest age-related functional decline in outcome measures was especially salient among those with high level of lifetime adversity and high level of depressive symptoms.
Lifetime cumulative adversity is associated with a more noticeable process of age-related dysfunction across various markers of health. Although the majority of older adults are resilient to lifetime adversity, prevention and intervention programs should be aimed at mitigating the pronounced senescence observed when adversity accumulated to a large degree, and especially when it is accompanied with high level of distress.
本纵向研究旨在探讨一生中累积的逆境和抑郁症状是否以及如何调节与年龄相关的身体、心理和认知健康标志物的下降。
1248 名年龄较大的成年人（第 1 波时的平均年龄为 62 岁）完成了欧洲健康、老龄化和退休调查（SHARE-Israel）以色列部分的前两波调查，报告了潜在创伤性生活事件、抑郁症状以及三个结果——残疾、生活质量和认知标志物的暴露情况。
年龄与两次随访中各项结果的功能下降呈正相关（即残疾程度增加，生活质量和认知功能下降）。这种与年龄相关的下降随着一生中逆境的增加而增强。三向交互作用表明，在具有高水平一生逆境和高水平抑郁症状的人群中，与结果测量相关的最大与年龄相关的功能下降尤为明显。
一生中累积的逆境与各种健康标志物的与年龄相关的功能障碍过程更为明显。尽管大多数老年人对一生的逆境具有弹性，但预防和干预计划应旨在减轻当逆境积累到很大程度时观察到的明显衰老，特别是当它伴随着高水平的痛苦时。
