Lifshitz Rinat, Ifrah Kfir, Markovitz Noam, Shmotkin Dov
Herczeg Institute on Aging, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
School of Psychological Sciences and the Herczeg Institute on Aging, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Aging Ment Health. 2020 Jul;24(7):1116-1125. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2019.1597014. Epub 2019 Apr 7.
Studies have barely juxtaposed the effect of over one's past life on health in later life with the related effect of one's actual or anticipated adversities. The latter adversities, anchored in the individual's present and future, are referred to by the concept of the (HWS). The aim of the current study was to examine the distinct effects of cumulative adversity and the HWS on changes in health over time using various markers of physical and mental health. The study examined a subsample of 1,081 three-wave survivors drawn from SHARE-Israel using a cumulative adversity measure at Wave 1, a HWS measure at Wave 3, and six health markers at the three waves (with four-year intervals). Cumulative adversity was associated with health markers at Wave 1, but it did not predict almost any short or long-term change in the health markers. The HWS showed unique associations with all concurrent health markers as well as with their changes over the last 8 years. In one emerging interaction, the advantage of lower HWS to better cognitive functioning decreased as cumulative trauma increased. These findings demonstrate the dialectical experience of potential trauma survivors, combining both vulnerability and resilience in the face of past adversity and prospective challenges. It seems that the HWS has a significantly adaptive role in identifying one's functional status at present as well as functional changes that have occurred over time.
研究几乎没有将一个人过去的生活对其晚年健康的影响与实际或预期的逆境的相关影响并列起来。后者的逆境，基于个人的现在和未来，由“健康世界观”（HWS）概念来指代。本研究的目的是使用各种身心健康指标，来检验累积逆境和健康世界观对健康随时间变化的不同影响。该研究从以色列健康、退休和老龄化纵向研究（SHARE-Israel）中抽取了1081名三波次受访者的子样本，在第1波次使用累积逆境测量方法，在第3波次使用健康世界观测量方法，并在三波次（间隔四年）中使用六个健康指标。累积逆境与第1波次的健康指标相关，但它几乎不能预测健康指标的任何短期或长期变化。健康世界观与所有同时期的健康指标以及它们在过去8年中的变化都显示出独特的关联。在一个新出现的相互作用中，随着累积创伤的增加，较低的健康世界观对更好的认知功能的优势会减弱。这些发现证明了潜在创伤幸存者的辩证经历，即在面对过去的逆境和未来的挑战时，兼具脆弱性和恢复力。似乎健康世界观在识别一个人当前的功能状态以及随时间发生的功能变化方面具有显著的适应性作用。
