Manyes Lara, Escrivá Laura, Serrano Ana Belén, Rodríguez-Carrasco Yelko, Tolosa Josefa, Meca Giuseppe, Font Guillermina
Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia , Burjassot , Spain.
Toxicol Mech Methods. 2014 Mar;24(3):179-90. doi: 10.3109/15376516.2013.876135. Epub 2014 Jan 27.
A 28-day repeated dose preliminary assay, using enniatin A naturally contaminated feed through microbial fermentation by a Fusarium tricinctum strain, was carried out employing 2-month-old female Wistar rats as in vivo experimental model. In order to simulate a physiological test of a toxic compound naturally produced by fungi, five treated animals were fed during 28 days with fermented feed. As control group, five rats were fed with standard feed. At the 28th day, blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis and the gastrointestinal tract, liver and kidneys were removed from each rat for enniatin A detection and quantitation. Digesta were collected from stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon. Enniatin A present in organs and in biological fluids was analyzed by liquid chromatography-diode array detector (LC-DAD) and confirmed by LC-mass spectrometry linear ion trap (MS-LIT); also several serum biochemical parameters and a histological analysis of the duodenal tract were performed. No adverse effects were found in any treated rat at the enniatin A concentration (20.91 mg/kg bw/day) tested during the 28-day experiment. Enniatin A quantitation in biological fluids ranged from 1.50 to 9.00 mg/kg, whereas in the gastrointestinal organs the enniatin A concentration ranged from 2.50 to 23.00 mg/kg. The high enniatin A concentration found in jejunum liquid and tissue points to them as an absorption area. Finally, two enniatin A degradation products were identified in duodenum, jejunum and colon content, probably produced by gut microflora.
采用三线镰刀菌菌株通过微生物发酵自然污染的饲料进行了为期28天的重复剂量初步试验，以2月龄雌性Wistar大鼠作为体内实验模型。为了模拟真菌天然产生的有毒化合物的生理测试，给5只受试动物喂食发酵饲料，持续28天。作为对照组，给5只大鼠喂食标准饲料。在第28天，采集血样进行生化分析，并从每只大鼠身上取出胃肠道、肝脏和肾脏用于检测和定量恩镰孢菌素A。从胃、十二指肠、空肠、回肠和结肠收集食糜。通过液相色谱 - 二极管阵列检测器（LC - DAD）分析器官和生物体液中存在的恩镰孢菌素A，并通过液相色谱 - 质谱线性离子阱（MS - LIT）进行确认；还进行了几项血清生化参数分析和十二指肠的组织学分析。在为期28天的实验中，在所测试的恩镰孢菌素A浓度（20.91 mg/kg体重/天）下，未在任何受试大鼠中发现不良反应。生物体液中恩镰孢菌素A的定量范围为1.50至9.00 mg/kg，而在胃肠道器官中，恩镰孢菌素A的浓度范围为2.50至23.00 mg/kg。在空肠液体和组织中发现的高浓度恩镰孢菌素A表明它们是吸收区域。最后，在十二指肠、空肠和结肠内容物中鉴定出两种恩镰孢菌素A降解产物，可能是由肠道微生物群产生的。
