Unit of Clinical Microbiology, Regional Reference Centre for Microbiological Emergencies (CRREM), St Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy.
Clin Microbiol Infect. 2014 Jul;20(7):672-7. doi: 10.1111/1469-0691.12436. Epub 2013 Dec 12.
Arboviruses with neuroinvasive potential are gaining more attention due to the increased number of cases of autochthonous and imported infections in the human host. Diagnosis of infection caused by these viruses in patients with central nervous system (CNS) diseases is still underestimated and these infections represent an emerging threat to public health. We describe a model suitable for the laboratory surveillance of neuro-arbovirosis that was applied in the Emilia-Romagna region, north-eastern Italy, during the 2012 summer season. One hundred and twenty cases of suspected neuroinvasive infection were tested for arboviral agents on the basis of clinical and laboratory signs and epidemiological data. The most common virus detected was Toscana virus (TOSV): anti-TOSV specific antibodies or viral components were detected in 28.3% of the cases; 79.4% of the TOSV cases were in the acute phase of infection. No cases resulted in acute phase for West Nile (WNV), Usutu (USUV), Chikungunya (CHIKV) or Dengue (DENV) virus infection. Conversely, two patients with a history of staying in a tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) endemic area showed a probable TBEV infection. These results emphasize the importance of a complete and 'ready to act' laboratory diagnostic system to be implemented within the larger frame of a regional integrated surveillance system.
由于人类宿主中本地和输入性感染病例的增加，具有神经侵袭性潜力的虫媒病毒越来越受到关注。在患有中枢神经系统（CNS）疾病的患者中，这些病毒感染的诊断仍然被低估，这些感染对公共卫生构成了新的威胁。我们描述了一种适用于实验室监测神经虫媒病毒的模型，该模型在 2012 年夏季于意大利东北部艾米利亚-罗马涅地区应用。根据临床和实验室特征以及流行病学数据，对 120 例疑似神经侵袭性感染病例进行了虫媒病毒检测。最常见的病毒是托斯卡纳病毒（TOSV）：在 28.3%的病例中检测到抗 TOSV 特异性抗体或病毒成分；79.4%的 TOSV 病例处于感染的急性期。未发现西尼罗河病毒（WNV）、乌苏图病毒（USUV）、基孔肯雅病毒（CHIKV）或登革热病毒（DENV）急性感染病例。相反，两名有蜱传脑炎病毒（TBEV）流行地区逗留史的患者显示出可能的 TBEV 感染。这些结果强调了在区域综合监测系统的更大框架内实施完整且“随时准备行动”的实验室诊断系统的重要性。
