将 HIV mRNAs“终结”：加帽和多聚腺苷酸化作为潜在的治疗靶点。
Putting an 'End' to HIV mRNAs: capping and polyadenylation as potential therapeutic targets.
机构信息
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, 80523 Fort Collins, CO, USA.
出版信息
AIDS Res Ther. 2013 Dec 13;10(1):31. doi: 10.1186/1742-6405-10-31.
Abstract
Like most cellular mRNAs, the 5' end of HIV mRNAs is capped and the 3' end matured by the process of polyadenylation. There are, however, several rather unique and interesting aspects of these post-transcriptional processes on HIV transcripts. Capping of the highly structured 5' end of HIV mRNAs is influenced by the viral TAT protein and a population of HIV mRNAs contains a trimethyl-G cap reminiscent of U snRNAs involved in splicing. HIV polyadenylation involves active repression of a promoter-proximal polyadenylation signal, auxiliary upstream regulatory elements and moonlighting polyadenylation factors that have additional impacts on HIV biology outside of the constraints of classical mRNA 3' end formation. This review describes these post-transcriptional novelties of HIV gene expression as well as their implications in viral biology and as possible targets for therapeutic intervention.
摘要
与大多数细胞 mRNA 一样，HIV mRNA 的 5' 端被加帽，3' 端通过多聚腺苷酸化过程成熟。然而，HIV 转录本的这些转录后过程有几个相当独特和有趣的方面。高度结构化的 HIV mRNA 5' 端的加帽受到病毒 TAT 蛋白的影响，并且一部分 HIV mRNA 包含一个三甲基-G 帽，类似于参与剪接的 U snRNA。HIV 多聚腺苷酸化涉及对启动子近端多聚腺苷酸化信号、辅助上游调节元件和兼职多聚腺苷酸化因子的主动抑制，这些因子除了对经典 mRNA 3' 端形成的限制外，对 HIV 生物学还有其他影响。本文综述了 HIV 基因表达的这些转录后新颖性，以及它们在病毒生物学中的意义，以及作为治疗干预的可能靶点。
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