Department of Laboratory Science and Pathology, Jimma University, Jimma, Po,box -378, Ethiopia.
Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2013 Dec 13;12:39. doi: 10.1186/1476-0711-12-39.
Hospital acquired infections are recognized as critical public health problems. Infections are frequently caused by organisms residing in healthcare environment, including contaminated medical equipment like Stethoscopes.
To determine bacterial contamination, bacterial profile and anti-microbial susceptibility pattern of the isolates from stethoscopes at Jimma University Specialized Hospital.
Cross-sectional study conducted from May to September 2011 at Jimma University Specialized Hospital. One hundred seventy-six stethoscopes owned by Health Care Workers (HCWs) and Medical students were randomly selected and studied. Self-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data. Specimen was collected using moisten sterile cotton swab and 1 ml normal saline was used to transport the specimen, all laboratory investigations were done following standard microbiological techniques, at Microbiology Laboratory, Jimma University. SPSS windows version 16 used for data analysis and P <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
A total, of 151 (85.8%) stethoscopes were contaminated. A total of 256 bacterial strains and a mean of 1.44×104 CFUs/diaphragm of stethoscopes was isolated. Of the 256 isolates, 133 (52%) were potential pathogens like S. aureus, Klebsiella spp., Citrobacter spp., Salmonella spp., Proteus spp., Enterobacter spp., P. aeruginosa and E. coli. All strains were resistant to multiple classes of antibiotics (two to eight classes of antibiotics). Disinfection practice was poor. Disinfection practice was found to be associated with bacterial contamination of stethoscopes (P < 0.05). High contamination rate 100 (90.9%) was observed among stethoscopes that had never been disinfected; while the least contamination 29 (72.2%) was found on those disinfected a week or less before the survey.
Bacterial contamination of the stethoscope was significant. The isolates were potential pathogens and resistant to multiple classes of antibiotics. Stethoscope is potential vehicle in the transmission of infections between patients and Healthcare Workers. Stethoscope diaphragm should be disinfected before and after each patient contact.
医院获得性感染被认为是严重的公共卫生问题。感染通常由存在于医疗环境中的生物体引起，包括污染的医疗设备，如听诊器。
确定吉姆马大学专科医院听诊器的细菌污染、细菌谱和分离株的抗菌药敏模式。
2011 年 5 月至 9 月在吉姆马大学专科医院进行横断面研究。随机选择并研究了 176 个听诊器，这些听诊器归卫生保健工作者（HCWs）和医学生所有。使用自我管理的结构化问卷收集社会人口统计学数据。使用湿润的无菌棉签采集标本，用 1ml 生理盐水运输标本，所有实验室检查均按照标准微生物学技术在吉姆马大学微生物学实验室进行。使用 SPSS windows 版本 16 进行数据分析，P<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
共有 151 个（85.8%）听诊器受到污染。共分离出 256 株细菌，每片听诊器的平均细菌数为 1.44×104 CFUs。在 256 株分离株中，有 133 株（52%）为金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、柠檬酸杆菌、沙门氏菌、变形杆菌、肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌和大肠杆菌等潜在病原体。所有菌株均对多种类别的抗生素（2 至 8 类抗生素）具有耐药性。消毒实践很差。消毒实践与听诊器的细菌污染有关（P<0.05）。从未消毒的听诊器中观察到 100%（90.9%）的高污染率；而在调查前一周或更短时间内消毒的听诊器中，污染率最低，为 29%（72.2%）。
听诊器的细菌污染很严重。分离株为潜在病原体，对多种类别的抗生素具有耐药性。听诊器是患者与卫生保健工作者之间传播感染的潜在媒介。在接触每个患者之前和之后，都应消毒听诊器的膜片。
