埃塞俄比亚东部非关键医疗保健工具作为医疗保健相关细菌感染潜在来源的研究：一项基于医院的横断面研究
Non-critical healthcare tools as a potential source of healthcare-acquired bacterial infections in eastern Ethiopia: A hospital-based cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Weldegebreal Fitsum, Admassu Desalegn, Meaza Dereje, Asfaw Mulatu
机构信息
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
SAGE Open Med. 2019 Jan 2;7:2050312118822627. doi: 10.1177/2050312118822627. eCollection 2019.
BACKGROUND
Outbreaks of healthcare-acquired infections have been linked to contaminated medical devices such as electronic thermometers, sphygmomanometers, stethoscopes, latex gloves, masks, neckties, white coats and other.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to assess non-critical healthcare tools as a potential source of healthcare-acquired bacterial infections and associated factors in public health hospitals of Harar, eastern Ethiopia from March 2016 to February 2017.
METHODS
A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 212 non-critical healthcare tools owned by different health professionals. The data were collected from each owner using self-administered questionnaire. Swab specimens were collected from 187 stethoscopes and 25 sphygmomanometers using sterile cotton tips. Bacterial investigation and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using standard culture tests. The data were double entered into EPI-Data version 3.1 and exported into the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 16 for analysis.
RESULT
The overall prevalence of non-critical healthcare tool contamination was 53.8%. A total of 137 bacterial strains were isolated. was the most frequent isolate (35%). Resistance to two or more different classes of antimicrobial was found to be 19.3%. The proportion of stethoscopes or sphygmomanometers contamination owned by the health professionals who were not cleaned regularly before and after examining each patient was found to be high (77%). The majority of non-critical healthcare tools used by health professionals working in the intensive care unit were contaminated (75%) followed by medical wards (73.5%).
CONCLUSION
This study confirmed that the majority of the stethoscopes and sphygmomanometers were contaminated with pathogenic bacteria known to be associated with healthcare-acquired infections. Most of the healthcare workers did not practice stethoscope and sphygmomanometers disinfection. Strict and careful decontamination of stethoscopes and sphygmomanometers need to be in place before use.
背景
医疗保健相关感染的爆发与受污染的医疗设备有关，如电子温度计、血压计、听诊器、乳胶手套、口罩、领带、白大褂等。
目的
本研究的目的是评估2016年3月至2017年2月在埃塞俄比亚东部哈勒尔市的公共卫生医院中，非关键医疗保健工具作为医疗保健相关细菌感染潜在来源及其相关因素。
方法
对不同卫生专业人员拥有的212件非关键医疗保健工具进行了一项基于医院的横断面研究。通过自填问卷从每个所有者那里收集数据。使用无菌棉签从187个听诊器和25个血压计上采集拭子标本。使用标准培养试验进行细菌调查和抗菌药敏试验。数据双录入EPI-Data 3.1版本，并导出到社会科学统计软件包16版本进行分析。
结果
非关键医疗保健工具污染的总体患病率为53.8%。共分离出137株细菌菌株。 是最常见的分离株（35%）。发现对两种或更多不同类别的抗菌药物耐药率为19.3%。发现每次检查患者前后未定期清洁的卫生专业人员所拥有的听诊器或血压计污染比例很高（77%）。重症监护病房工作的卫生专业人员使用的大多数非关键医疗保健工具被污染（75%），其次是内科病房（73.5%）。
结论
本研究证实，大多数听诊器和血压计被已知与医疗保健相关感染有关的病原菌污染。大多数医护人员未对听诊器和血压计进行消毒。在使用前，需要对听诊器和血压计进行严格而仔细的消毒。
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