Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Centro, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, Rio Branco, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Br J Nutr. 2014 Apr 28;111(8):1499-506. doi: 10.1017/S0007114513003838. Epub 2013 Dec 13.
In the present study, we investigated whether maternal exposure to a cafeteria diet affects the metabolism and body composition of offspring and whether such an exposure has a cumulative effect during the lifetime of the offspring. Female rats were fed a control (CON) or a cafeteria (CAF) diet from their own weaning to the weaning of their offspring. At 21 d of age, male offspring were divided into four groups by diet during gestation and after weaning (CON-CON, CON-CAF, CAF-CON and CAF-CAF). Blood was collected from dams (after weaning) and pups (at 30 and 120 d of age) by decapitation. CAF dams had significantly greater body weight and adipose tissue weight and higher concentrations of total cholesterol, insulin and leptin than CON dams (Student's t test). The energy intake of CAF rats was higher than that of CON rats regardless of the maternal diet (two-way ANOVA). Litters had similar body weights at weaning and at 30 d of age, but at 120 d, CON-CAF rats were heavier. At both ages, CAF rats had greater adipose tissue weight than CON rats regardless of the maternal diet, and the concentrations of TAG and cholesterol were similar between the two groups, as were blood glucose concentrations at 30 d of age. However, at 120 d of age, CAF rats were hyperglycaemic, hyperinsulinaemic and hyperleptinaemic regardless of the maternal diet. These findings suggest that maternal obesity does not modulate the metabolism of male offspring independently, modifying body weight only when associated with the intake of a cafeteria diet by the offspring.
在本研究中，我们研究了母体暴露于 cafeteria 饮食是否会影响后代的代谢和身体成分，以及这种暴露是否会在后代的一生中产生累积效应。雌性大鼠从断奶到后代断奶期间，分别接受对照（CON）或 cafeteria（CAF）饮食。在 21 天时，雄性后代根据孕期和断奶后的饮食分为四组（CON-CON、CON-CAF、CAF-CON 和 CAF-CAF）。通过断头术从母体（断奶后）和幼崽（30 和 120 天时）采集血液。与 CON 组相比，CAF 组母鼠的体重和脂肪组织重量明显增加，总胆固醇、胰岛素和瘦素浓度更高（Student's t 检验）。无论母鼠饮食如何，CAF 组的能量摄入均高于 CON 组（双因素方差分析）。断奶时和 30 天时，幼崽的体重相似，但在 120 天时，CON-CAF 组的体重更重。在这两个年龄段，CAF 组的脂肪组织重量均大于 CON 组，无论母鼠饮食如何，TAG 和胆固醇浓度相似，30 天时的血糖浓度也相似。然而，在 120 天时，CAF 组无论母鼠饮食如何，均出现高血糖、高胰岛素血症和高瘦素血症。这些发现表明，母体肥胖不会独立调节雄性后代的代谢，仅当后代摄入 cafeteria 饮食时才会改变体重。
