National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
J Trauma Stress. 2013 Dec;26(6):762-6. doi: 10.1002/jts.21865. Epub 2013 Nov 8.
This study examined the psychological impact of the Boston Marathon bombing using data from an ongoing longitudinal study of Boston-area veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; N = 71). Participants were assessed by telephone within 1 week of the end of the event; 42.3% of participants reported being personally affected by the bombings and/or the manhunt that followed. The majority of them reported that the bombing reminded them of their own traumas and/or caused other emotional distress. Examination of change in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms from a prebombing assessment an average of 2 months earlier to 1 week after the event revealed no significant change in symptoms across the sample as a whole. However, examination of patterns of change at the individual level revealed significant correlations (r = .33; p = .005) between distress at the time of the event and change in total PTSD symptom severity, with this effect accounted for primarily by increases in intrusion and avoidance symptoms (rs = .35 and .31, ps = .002 and .008, respectively). Findings of this study should raise awareness of the potential impact of terror attacks, mass shootings, and other events of this type on the well-being of individuals with histories of trauma and/or pre-existing PTSD.
这项研究使用来自波士顿地区患有创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的退伍军人的一项正在进行的纵向研究的数据，来研究波士顿马拉松爆炸事件的心理影响（N = 71）。在事件结束后 1 周内通过电话对参与者进行评估；42.3%的参与者报告说他们个人受到爆炸事件和/或随后的搜捕行动的影响。他们中的大多数人报告说，爆炸事件使他们想起了自己的创伤，或造成了其他情绪困扰。从爆炸前平均 2 个月的 PTSD 症状预评估到事件发生后 1 周，对 PTSD 症状的变化进行检查，发现整个样本的症状没有明显变化。然而，在个体水平上检查变化模式时，发现事件发生时的痛苦与 PTSD 总症状严重程度的变化之间存在显著相关性（r =.33；p =.005），这一效应主要归因于侵入和回避症状的增加（rs =.35 和.31，ps =.002 和.008，分别）。这项研究的结果应该引起人们对恐怖袭击、大规模枪击事件和其他此类事件对有创伤史和/或预先存在的 PTSD 的个人的幸福感的潜在影响的关注。
