Oslo University Hospital, Section of Obstetrics at the Woman and Children's Division, Oslo University, Oslo, Norway.
Birth. 2013 Dec;40(4):281-8. doi: 10.1111/birt.12063.
Studies have shown the negative impact sexual violence has on pregnancy outcome, yet the impact on antenatal hospitalization has been poorly examined. The aim of this study was to investigate if a history of sexual violence was associated with hospitalization during pregnancy.
A population-based national cohort study conducted by the Institute of Public Health, The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort study. Women filled out questionnaires at 17 and 30 weeks' gestation. History of sexual violence was reported at three levels: pressured to sexual acts (mild), forced with violence (moderate), and raped (severe). The comparison group did not report sexual violence. Differences were assessed using Pearson's X(2) tests and logistic regression analyses.
Of 78,660 women, 12.0% were pressured to sexual acts, 2.8% forced with violence, and 3.6% reported rape. A history of sexual violence was associated with significantly more hospitalizations during pregnancy, 6.6 percent for mild, 8.7 percent for moderate and 12.5 percent for severe, compared to 5.8 percent for no sexual violence. Women were significantly more often admitted for hyperemesis, bleeding, threatening preterm birth, other reasons and admitted without giving any reason. Reporting severe sexual violence had an AOR for being hospitalized with hyperemesis or threatening preterm birth of 1.9 (95% CI 1.4-2.5), and 1.9 (1.3-2.7) respectively. Similarly, severe sexual violence was associated with being admitted more than once during pregnancy AOR 1.9 (1.3-2.7).
Women with a history of sexual violence reported significantly more antenatal hospitalizations during pregnancy than women without such a history.
研究表明，性暴力对妊娠结局有负面影响，但对产前住院的影响尚未得到充分研究。本研究旨在调查性暴力史是否与妊娠期间住院有关。
这是一项由公共卫生研究所进行的基于人群的全国队列研究，即挪威母亲和儿童队列研究。女性在 17 周和 30 周妊娠时填写问卷。性暴力史报告分为三个层次：被迫发生性行为（轻度）、暴力强迫（中度）和强奸（重度）。对照组未报告性暴力。使用 Pearson X(2)检验和逻辑回归分析评估差异。
在 78660 名女性中，12.0%曾被迫发生性行为，2.8%遭受暴力强迫，3.6%报告遭受强奸。有性暴力史的孕妇住院的比例显著更高，轻度为 6.6%，中度为 8.7%，重度为 12.5%，而无性暴力史的孕妇为 5.8%。与无性暴力史的孕妇相比，因妊娠剧吐、出血、早产威胁、其他原因和未说明任何原因而住院的孕妇比例显著更高。报告严重性暴力的孕妇因妊娠剧吐或早产威胁住院的校正比值比（AOR）分别为 1.9（95%CI 1.4-2.5）和 1.9（1.3-2.7）。同样，严重性暴力与怀孕期间多次住院相关，AOR 为 1.9（1.3-2.7）。
有性暴力史的孕妇报告的产前住院比例显著高于无此病史的孕妇。
