a Department of Psychology , Northeastern University , Boston , MA , USA.
Cogn Neuropsychol. 2013;30(5):285-310. doi: 10.1080/02643294.2013.863182.
Dyslexia is commonly attributed to a phonological deficit, but whether it effectively compromises the phonological grammar or lower level systems is rarely explored. To address this question, we gauge the sensitivity of dyslexics to grammatical phonological restrictions on spoken onset clusters (e.g., bl in block). Across languages, certain onsets are preferred to others (e.g., blif ≻ bnif ≻ bdif, where ≻ indicates a preference). Here, we show that dyslexic participants (adult native speakers of Hebrew) are fully sensitive to these phonological restrictions, and they extend them irrespective of whether the onsets are attested in their language (e.g., bnif vs. bdif) or unattested (e.g., mlif vs. mdif). Dyslexics, however, showed reduced sensitivity to phonetic contrasts (e.g., blif vs. belif; ba vs. pa). Together, these results suggest that the known difficulties of dyslexics in speech processing could emanate not from the phonological grammar, but rather from lower level impairments to acoustic/phonetic encoding, lexical storage, and retrieval.
阅读障碍通常归因于语音缺陷，但它是否会有效地影响语音语法或更低层次的系统却很少被探讨。为了解决这个问题，我们评估了阅读障碍者对口语起始音簇（如 block 中的 bl）的语法语音限制的敏感性。在各种语言中，某些起始音是优选的（例如，blif ≻ bnif ≻ bdif，其中 ≻ 表示偏好）。在这里，我们表明阅读障碍者（希伯来语的成年母语者）对这些语音限制具有完全的敏感性，并且无论起始音是否在他们的语言中出现（例如，bnif 与 bdif），他们都会扩展这些限制。然而，阅读障碍者对语音对比（例如，blif 与 belif；ba 与 pa）的敏感性降低。总的来说，这些结果表明，阅读障碍者在言语处理方面的已知困难可能不是源自语音语法，而是源自对声学/语音编码、词汇存储和检索的较低层次的损伤。
