Hsieh Emily M, Hornik Christoph P, Clark Reese H, Laughon Matthew M, Benjamin Daniel K, Smith P Brian
Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore.
Duke University Medical Center, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina.
Am J Perinatol. 2014 Oct;31(9):811-21. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1361933. Epub 2013 Dec 17.
The aim of the article is to provide an update on medication use in infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in the United States and examine how use has changed over time.
We performed a retrospective review (2005-2010) of a large prospectively collected administrative database.
Medications most commonly administered during the study period were ampicillin, gentamicin, caffeine citrate, vancomycin, beractant, furosemide, fentanyl, dopamine, midazolam, and calfactant (56-681 exposures per 1,000 infants). Those with the greatest relative increase in use included azithromycin, sildenafil, and milrinone. Medications with the greatest relative decrease in use included theophylline, metoclopramide, and doxapram.
Medication use in the NICU has changed substantially over time, and only 35% of the most commonly prescribed medications are Food and Drug Administration -approved in infants.
本文旨在提供美国新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）收治婴儿用药情况的最新信息，并研究用药情况随时间的变化。
我们对一个大型前瞻性收集的行政数据库进行了回顾性分析（2005 - 2010年）。
研究期间最常用的药物是氨苄西林、庆大霉素、枸橼酸咖啡因、万古霉素、贝拉克坦、呋塞米、芬太尼、多巴胺、咪达唑仑和卡肺表面活性蛋白（每1000名婴儿中有56 - 681次用药）。使用量相对增加最多的药物包括阿奇霉素、西地那非和米力农。使用量相对减少最多的药物包括茶碱、甲氧氯普胺和多沙普仑。
随着时间的推移，NICU的用药情况发生了很大变化，最常用的药物中只有35%是美国食品药品监督管理局批准用于婴儿的。
