School of Agricultural and Wine Sciences, Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia ; National Wine and Grape Industry Centre, Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia.
Front Plant Sci. 2013 Dec 3;4:491. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00491. eCollection 2013.
The heat event that occurred in many parts of Australia in 2009 was the worst on record for the past decade, with air temperatures exceeding 40(°)C for 14 days. Our aim was to assess the impacts of this heat event on vine performance, including ripening, yield, and gas exchange of Vitis vinifera cv. Semillon grown in a Riverina vineyard. To assess the affect of high temperatures on Semillon grapevines, the vines were covered with a protective layer to reduce radiant heating and were compared with vines exposed to ambient conditions. The heat event had major effects on ripening; reducing the rate of ripening by 50% and delaying harvest ripeness and causing a high incidence of berry shrivel and sunburn. Yield was not affected. Photosynthesis was reduced 35% by the heat event while transpiration increased nearly threefold and was accounted for by increased stomatal conductance. The conclusion of this study was that heat events delayed ripening in Semillon berries and caused a significant reduction in berry quality. Strategies to minimize the radiant load during heat events are required and this study has confirmed a protective layer can reduce canopy temperatures and enhance berry quality.
2009 年，澳大利亚多地发生了有记录以来最严重的高温事件，连续 14 天气温超过 40°C。本研究旨在评估此次热浪对河地（Riverina）葡萄园种植的赛美蓉（Semillon）葡萄的生长、成熟、产量和气体交换的影响。为了评估高温对赛美蓉葡萄的影响，我们将葡萄藤用保护层覆盖以减少辐射加热，并与暴露在环境条件下的葡萄藤进行了比较。热浪对葡萄成熟产生了重大影响，使成熟速度降低了 50%，推迟了成熟时间，并导致大量浆果皱缩和日灼。产量没有受到影响。高温使光合作用降低了 35%，而蒸腾作用增加了近两倍，这是由气孔导度增加引起的。本研究的结论是，热浪事件使赛美蓉葡萄的成熟时间推迟，并导致浆果质量显著下降。需要采取策略来最小化热浪期间的辐射负荷，本研究证实保护层可以降低冠层温度并提高浆果质量。
