Kamgang Basile, Ngoagouni Carine, Manirakiza Alexandre, Nakouné Emmanuel, Paupy Christophe, Kazanji Mirdad
Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Bangui, Central African Republic.
Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville, Franceville, Gabon ; Laboratoire des Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Écologie, Génétique, Évolution et Contrôle, UMR 224-5290, CNRS-IRD-UM1-UM2, IRD Montpellier, France.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013 Dec 12;7(12):e2590. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002590. eCollection 2013.
The invasive Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) was first reported in central Africa in 2000, in Cameroon, with the indigenous mosquito species Ae. aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). Today, this invasive species is present in almost all countries of the region, including the Central African Republic (CAR), where it was first recorded in 2009. As invasive species of mosquitoes can affect the distribution of native species, resulting in new patterns of vectors and concomitant risk for disease, we undertook a comparative study early and late in the wet season in the capital and the main cities of CAR to document infestation and the ecological preferences of the two species. In addition, we determined the probable geographical origin of invasive populations of Ae. albopictus with two mitochondrial DNA genes, COI and ND5. Analysis revealed that Ae. aegypti was more abundant earlier in the wet season and Ae. albopictus in the late wet season. Used tyres were the most heavily colonized productive larval habitats for both species in both seasons. The invasive species Ae. albopictus predominated over the resident species at all sites in which the two species were sympatric. Mitochondrial DNA analysis revealed broad low genetic diversity, confirming recent introduction of Ae. albopictus in CAR. Phylogeographical analysis based on COI polymorphism indicated that the Ae. albopictus haplotype in the CAR population segregated into two lineages, suggesting multiple sources of Ae. albopictus. These data may have important implications for vector control strategies in central Africa.
入侵性亚洲虎蚊白纹伊蚊（双翅目：蚊科）于2000年首次在非洲中部的喀麦隆被发现，与当地蚊种埃及伊蚊（双翅目：蚊科）共存。如今，这种入侵物种几乎在该地区的所有国家都有出现，包括中非共和国（CAR），该国于2009年首次记录到该物种。由于入侵性蚊种会影响本地物种的分布，导致新的病媒模式以及随之而来的疾病风险，我们在中非共和国首都和主要城市的雨季早期和晚期开展了一项比较研究，以记录这两种蚊子的感染情况和生态偏好。此外，我们利用细胞色素氧化酶亚基I（COI）和烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸脱氢酶亚基5（ND5）这两个线粒体DNA基因，确定了白纹伊蚊入侵种群的可能地理起源。分析显示，埃及伊蚊在雨季早期更为常见，而白纹伊蚊在雨季后期更为常见。在两个季节中，废旧轮胎都是这两种蚊子最易滋生幼虫的栖息地。在这两种蚊子共存的所有地点，入侵物种白纹伊蚊都占主导地位。线粒体DNA分析显示其遗传多样性普遍较低，证实了白纹伊蚊是近期才传入中非共和国的。基于COI多态性的系统地理学分析表明，中非共和国种群中的白纹伊蚊单倍型分为两个谱系，这表明白纹伊蚊有多个来源。这些数据可能对非洲中部的病媒控制策略具有重要意义。
