Happell Brenda, Platania-Phung Chris, Harris Scott, Bradshaw Julie
Central Queensland University, Institute for Health and Social Science Research, Centre for Mental Health and School of Nursing and Midwifery, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia.
Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2014 Jan;35(1):50-7. doi: 10.3109/01612840.2013.837123.
Increasing the rate of recruitment of nursing students into mental health nursing (MHN) is vital to long-term sustainability of health care system support for people diagnosed with mental illness. However MHN is not a popular career path; this raises questions about what attitudes and beliefs may divert or attract students to this specialisation. The current research involved a survey of undergraduate nursing students at a regional university in Australia to clarify the nature of relationships between attitudes (e.g., the value of mental health nursing, stereotypes of people with mental illness) and how they may be antecedents to considering MHN as a career path. Through a structural equation model, it was ascertained that anxiety surrounding mental illness leads to less interest in MHN as a future career and suggests that anxiety is (a) partly due to negative stereotypes, and (b) countered by preparedness for a MHN role. Beliefs on how MHN can make a valuable contribution to people's well-being did not affect interest in pursuing MHN. These findings reconfirm the need to reduce anxiety about mental illness by educational approaches that effectively prepare students for MHN, combined with challenging negative stereotypes.
提高护理专业学生进入精神卫生护理领域的招募率，对于医疗保健系统长期为被诊断患有精神疾病的人提供支持至关重要。然而，精神卫生护理并非热门职业道路；这引发了关于哪些态度和信念可能使学生偏离或吸引他们选择这一专业的问题。当前的研究对澳大利亚一所地区性大学的本科护理专业学生进行了调查，以阐明态度（例如，精神卫生护理的价值、对精神疾病患者的刻板印象）之间关系的本质，以及这些态度如何可能成为将精神卫生护理视为职业道路的前提条件。通过结构方程模型确定，对精神疾病的焦虑导致对精神卫生护理作为未来职业的兴趣降低，并表明焦虑（a）部分归因于负面刻板印象，（b）可通过对精神卫生护理角色的准备来抵消。关于精神卫生护理如何能对人们的幸福做出宝贵贡献的信念，并未影响对从事精神卫生护理的兴趣。这些发现再次证实，需要通过有效让学生为精神卫生护理做好准备的教育方法，结合挑战负面刻板印象，来减少对精神疾病的焦虑。
