Associate Professor, Indian Institute of Public Health-Delhi, New Delhi, India.
Indian J Public Health. 2013 Oct-Dec;57(4):260-7. doi: 10.4103/0019-557X.123268.
Tribal communities are "at risk" of undernutrition due to geographical isolation and suboptimal utilization of health services.
The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional status of Sahariya tribes of Madhya Pradesh (MP), India.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in villages inhabited by Sahariya tribal community (specifically women in reproductive age group and children under 5 years) in three districts of MP. Dietary surveys, anthropometric and biochemical assessments were carried out and descriptive statistics on the socio-economic and nutritional profile were reported. Association between household (HH) food security and nutritional status of children was carried out using the logistic regression. Strength of effects were summarized by odd's ratio.
Chronic energy deficiency and anemia was observed in 42.4% and 90.1% of women respectively. Underweight, stunting and wasting among under five children were 59.1%, 57.3% and 27.7% respectively. Low food security was found in 90% of HHs and the odds of children being underweight and stunted when belonging to HHs with low and very low food security was found to be significant (P = 0.01 and 0.04 respectively). Calorie, fat, vitamin A, riboflavin, vitamin C and folic acid intake among women was lower than recommended dietary allowance. Infant and young child feeding practices were suboptimal. Awareness on nutritional disorders and utilization of nutrition and health services was poor.
A high prevalence of undernutrition and dietary deficiency exists among Sahariyas. System strengthening, community empowerment and nutrition education may play a pivotal role in addressing this.
由于地理位置偏远和卫生服务利用不足，部落社区面临营养不良的“风险”。
本研究旨在评估印度中央邦（MP）撒哈拉部落的营养状况。
在 MP 的三个区的撒哈拉部落社区（特别是育龄妇女和 5 岁以下儿童）居住的村庄中进行了横断面研究。进行了膳食调查、人体测量学和生化评估，并报告了社会经济和营养概况的描述性统计数据。使用逻辑回归分析了家庭（HH）粮食安全与儿童营养状况之间的关联。使用比值比总结了效应强度。
分别有 42.4%和 90.1%的妇女患有慢性能量缺乏和贫血。5 岁以下儿童中体重不足、发育迟缓、消瘦的比例分别为 59.1%、57.3%和 27.7%。90%的 HH 存在低粮食安全，当属于低和极低粮食安全的 HH 时，儿童体重不足和发育迟缓的几率显著（P = 0.01 和 0.04）。妇女的卡路里、脂肪、维生素 A、核黄素、维生素 C 和叶酸摄入量低于推荐膳食允许量。婴幼儿喂养实践并不理想。对营养障碍的认识和对营养与健康服务的利用不足。
撒哈拉人中存在较高的营养不良和饮食缺乏。加强系统、增强社区权能和营养教育可能在解决这一问题方面发挥关键作用。
