智力残疾儿童和青少年的营养状况：来自土耳其西部的一项研究。
Nutritional status in mentally disabled children and adolescents: A study from Western Turkey.
机构信息
Nalan Hakime Nogay, Assistant Professor, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Kirklareli University College of Health, Kirklareli, Turkey.
出版信息
Pak J Med Sci. 2013 Apr;29(2):614-8. doi: 10.12669/pjms.292.3194.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the nutritional status of mentally disabled children in Turkey on the basis of anthropometric indicators and dietary intake.
METHODOLOGY
The sample of the study consisted of 77 mentally disabled children with ages between 10 and 18 years. The body mass index and body fat ratios of the children were calculated by measuring their body weight, height, and the skinfold thickness of their triceps and subscapular. Their three-day nutrition consumption was recorded in order to determine their nutrient intake.
RESULTS
When the body weights of the children were evaluated according to their ages, 14.3% of the children were found to be thin. The shortness rate among the participants was 28.6%. The shortness ratio was found to increase with age and girls had a higher inclination for shortness than boys. The ratios of those with ≤5(th) percentile upper middle arm circumference were 32.7% in the 10-13 age group, and 36.0% in the 14-18 age group. The folic acid and calcium intakes of girls in the 10-13 age group, and the calcium intakes of boys in the 10-13 age group were under the suggested values. In the 14-18 age group the vit C and calcium intakes of girls and the calcium intakes of boys were under the recommended values.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of malnutrition is high among mentally disabled children. In order to raise their quality of life, mentally disabled children must be provided with sufficient nutritional support.
目的
根据人体测量指标和饮食摄入量评估土耳其智障儿童的营养状况。
方法
本研究的样本由 77 名年龄在 10 至 18 岁之间的智障儿童组成。通过测量他们的体重、身高和肱三头肌和肩胛下角的皮褶厚度，计算儿童的体重指数和体脂肪比。记录他们三天的营养摄入量，以确定他们的营养摄入量。
结果
当根据年龄评估儿童的体重时，发现有 14.3%的儿童偏瘦。参与者的短率为 28.6%。短率随着年龄的增长而增加，女孩比男孩更容易出现短身材。在上臂中部周长≤第 5 百分位的比例中，10-13 岁年龄组为 32.7%，14-18 岁年龄组为 36.0%。10-13 岁年龄组女孩的叶酸和钙摄入量以及 10-13 岁年龄组男孩的钙摄入量低于建议值。在 14-18 岁年龄组，女孩的维生素 C 和钙摄入量以及男孩的钙摄入量低于推荐值。
结论
智障儿童中营养不良的患病率很高。为了提高他们的生活质量，必须为智障儿童提供充足的营养支持。
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