IMS Health , 1725 Duke St, Suite 510, Alexandria, VA , USA.
J Med Econ. 2014 Mar;17(3):167-75. doi: 10.3111/13696998.2013.873722. Epub 2014 Feb 3.
Through a retrospective database analysis, this study seeks to provide an understanding of the utilization of SMBG by insulin therapy and diabetes type and to estimate healthcare costs of blood glucose monitoring in the UK diabetes population.
Data were obtained from the IMS LifeLink Electronic Medical Record-Europe (EMR-EU) Database, a longitudinal database containing anonymized patient records from physician-practice data systems of office-based physicians in the UK. Depending on the insulin types used for type 1 and type 2 diabetes, patients were sub-categorized into one of four insulin regimen groups (basal, bolus, pre-mixed, or basal-bolus). Frequency of blood glucose testing was assessed descriptively throughout the 12-month post-index period, and generalized linear models were used to evaluate the effect of baseline characteristics, including insulin type, on the likelihood of blood glucose test utilization. Healthcare resource utilization and costs for all-cause services were assessed by insulin type.
This study identified 8322 type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients with two insulin pharmacy records between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2010. After applying study inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 2676 (32.2%) insulin-treated diabetes mellitus patients in the UK were identified, with the number of pharmacy blood glucose test strips averaging 771.1 (median 600). The glucose testing frequency was lowest among basal-only insulin patients and pre-mixed insulin patients (mean=576.2 [median=450] and mean=599.5 [median=500], respectively; non-significantly different) compared to other insulin types.
Although the data did not capture the glucose frequency comprehensively, it varied significantly by insulin types, and was higher than what is recommended in the guidelines for patients with type 2 diabetes.
通过回顾性数据库分析，本研究旨在了解英国糖尿病患者中胰岛素治疗和糖尿病类型对 SMBG 的利用情况，并估算血糖监测的医疗保健成本。
数据来自 IMS LifeLink 电子病历-欧洲（EMR-EU）数据库，这是一个包含英国医生实践数据系统中匿名患者记录的纵向数据库。根据 1 型和 2 型糖尿病使用的胰岛素类型，患者被分为以下四种胰岛素治疗方案组之一（基础胰岛素、餐时胰岛素、预混胰岛素或基础-餐时胰岛素）。在索引后 12 个月内，通过描述性分析评估血糖检测的频率，并使用广义线性模型评估基线特征（包括胰岛素类型）对血糖检测利用的可能性的影响。根据胰岛素类型评估所有原因服务的医疗资源利用和成本。
本研究确定了 8322 例 1 型和 2 型糖尿病患者，他们在 2009 年 1 月 1 日至 2010 年 12 月 31 日之间有两次胰岛素药房记录。在应用研究纳入和排除标准后，在英国共确定了 2676 例（32.2%）接受胰岛素治疗的糖尿病患者，药房血糖检测条的平均数量为 771.1（中位数为 600）。与其他胰岛素类型相比，仅使用基础胰岛素和预混胰岛素的患者的血糖检测频率最低（平均 576.2[中位数 450]和平均 599.5[中位数 500]；无统计学差异）。
尽管数据没有全面捕捉血糖频率，但它因胰岛素类型而异，并且高于 2 型糖尿病患者指南中推荐的频率。
