Gu Yang, Yang Sheng, Jiang Weihong
Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao. 2013 Aug;29(8):1133-45.
Solventogenic clostridia are important industrial microorganisms. Optimization of the fermentation performance of solventogenic clostridia, through genetic modification, has always been considered as the main topic involved in solvents production. However, due to the incomplete genetic tools, no research breakthroughs have been achieved. In recent years, with the development of new technologies and methods (e.g. TargeTron gene knockout, large DNA fragment integration method), great progresses have been made towards genetic engineering solventogenic clostridia. In this review, we summarize the development of the genetic tools for solventogenic clostridial species, and simultaneously point out the shortages of the existing technologies in efficiency and comprehensiveness. Therefore, optimization of the existing technologies in gene inactivation in clostridia, such as establishing homologous exchange-based gene deletion and exchange, is still imperative; and in parallel, new genetic tools (e.g. multiplex genome editing, targeted or random multi-copy gene integration) should also be timely developed.
产溶剂梭菌是重要的工业微生物。通过基因改造优化产溶剂梭菌的发酵性能一直被视为溶剂生产的主要研究课题。然而，由于遗传工具不完善，尚未取得研究突破。近年来，随着新技术和方法（如TargeTron基因敲除、大片段DNA整合方法）的发展，产溶剂梭菌的基因工程取得了很大进展。在这篇综述中，我们总结了产溶剂梭菌遗传工具的发展，并同时指出了现有技术在效率和全面性方面的不足。因此，优化梭菌基因失活的现有技术，如建立基于同源交换的基因缺失和交换，仍然势在必行；同时，也应及时开发新的遗传工具（如多重基因组编辑、靶向或随机多拷贝基因整合）。
