Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University.
P.C. Dr. Guislain.
J Abnorm Psychol. 2013 Nov;122(4):939-50. doi: 10.1037/a0034616.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by disturbances in affect, motivation, and cognitive control processes, including error detection. However, the expression and timing of the impairments during error monitoring remain unclear in MDD. The behavior and event-related brain responses (ERPs) of 20 patients with MDD were compared with those of 20 healthy controls (HCs), while they performed a Go/noGo task. Errors during this task were associated with 2 ERP components, the error-related negativity (ERN/Ne) and the error positivity (Pe). Results show that the ERN/Ne-correct-related negativity (CRN) amplitude difference was significantly larger in MDD patients (after controlling for speed), compared with HCs, although MDD patients exhibited overactive medial frontal cortex (MFC) activation. By comparison, the subsequent Pe component was smaller in MDD patients compared with HCs and this effect was accompanied by a reduced activation of ventral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) regions. These results suggest that MDD has multiple cascade effects on early error monitoring brain mechanisms.
重度抑郁症（MDD）的特征是情感、动机和认知控制过程的障碍，包括错误检测。然而，在 MDD 中，错误监测期间的表现和时间仍不清楚。我们比较了 20 名 MDD 患者和 20 名健康对照者（HCs）在执行 Go/noGo 任务时的行为和事件相关脑反应（ERPs）。该任务中的错误与 2 个 ERP 成分有关，即错误相关负波（ERN/Ne）和错误正波（Pe）。结果表明，在控制速度后，MDD 患者的 ERN/Ne-正确相关负波（CRN）振幅差异明显大于 HCs，尽管 MDD 患者表现出过度活跃的内侧前额叶皮层（MFC）激活。相比之下，与 HCs 相比，MDD 患者的后续 Pe 成分较小，并且这种效应伴随着腹侧前扣带皮层（ACC）区域的激活减少。这些结果表明，MDD 对早期错误监测的大脑机制具有多重级联效应。
