Schoenberg Poppy L A
Faculty of Science, Intelligent Systems, Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, University Medical Centre Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study, Wassenaar, The Netherlands.
Biol Psychol. 2014 May;99:100-14. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2014.03.005. Epub 2014 Mar 26.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) ensues reduced goal-directed cognition and behaviour. Cognitive and emotional flexibility to disengage and adapt future responses was examined in the error processing system (error-related negativity/ERN, error-positivity/Pe event-related potentials) of 58 depressed patients (21 current, 37 remitted) vs. 27 controls undergoing cognitive and affective Go/NoGo paradigms. ERN was equivalent between patient and controls for the cognitive task, albeit amplitude attenuated in patients during the affective task. Blunted ERN amplitudes were evident between patients and controls in males compared to females, plausibly underpinned by disparities in dopaminergic pathways. Patients displayed enhanced Pe amplitudes for both cognitive and affective tasks. Abberations in cortical error processing in MDD appear specific to affective systems for the pre-attentive ERN, opposed to cognitive and affective processing for the consciously-integrated Pe. Heightened Pe, observed in both current and remitted patients, advocates the possibility of the Pe waveform as a candidate intermediate phenotype of depression.
重度抑郁症（MDD）会导致目标导向性认知和行为减少。在58名抑郁症患者（21名当前发作患者，37名缓解期患者）与27名接受认知和情感Go/NoGo范式的对照者的错误处理系统（错误相关负波/ERN，错误正波/Pe事件相关电位）中，研究了脱离并调整未来反应的认知和情感灵活性。在认知任务中，患者和对照者的ERN相当，尽管在情感任务期间患者的振幅减弱。与女性相比，男性患者和对照者之间的ERN振幅明显减弱，这可能是由多巴胺能通路的差异所支撑。患者在认知和情感任务中均表现出增强的Pe振幅。MDD中皮质错误处理的异常似乎在注意前ERN方面特定于情感系统，而对于有意识整合的Pe则涉及认知和情感处理。在当前发作和缓解期患者中均观察到的Pe增强，支持了Pe波形作为抑郁症候选中间表型的可能性。
