Scarf Damian, Terrace Herbert, Colombo Michael, Magnuson James S
Department of Psychology, University of Otago.
Department of Psychology, Columbia University.
J Exp Psychol Anim Learn Cogn. 2014 Apr;40(2):178-84. doi: 10.1037/xan0000008.
On sequential response tasks, a long pause preceding the first response is thought to reflect participants taking time to plan a sequence of responses. By tracking the eye movements of two monkeys (Macaca fascicularis), Scarf and Colombo (2009, Eye Movements During List Execution Reveal No Planning in Monkeys [Macaca fascicularis], Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, Vol. 35, pp. 587-592) demonstrated that, at least with respect to monkeys, the long pause preceding the first response is not necessarily the product of planning. In the present experiment, we tracked the eye movements of adult humans using the paradigm employed by Scarf and Colombo and found that, in contrast to monkeys, the pause preceding the first item is indicative of planning in humans. These findings highlight the fact that similar response time profiles, displayed by human and nonhuman animals, do not necessarily reflect similar underlying cognitive operations.
在连续反应任务中，首次反应之前的长时间停顿被认为反映了参与者花费时间来规划一系列反应。通过追踪两只猕猴（食蟹猴）的眼动，斯卡夫和科伦坡（2009年，《列表执行过程中的眼动揭示猕猴[食蟹猴]无规划行为》，《实验心理学杂志：动物行为过程》，第35卷，第587 - 592页）证明，至少对于猕猴而言，首次反应之前的长时间停顿不一定是规划的结果。在本实验中，我们使用斯卡夫和科伦坡采用的范式追踪了成年人类的眼动，发现与猕猴不同，首个项目之前的停顿表明人类存在规划行为。这些发现凸显了这样一个事实，即人类和非人类动物表现出的类似反应时间模式不一定反映相似的潜在认知操作。
