Purdue University School of Pharmacy, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Purdue University Department of Psychological Sciences, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Breast Cancer (Dove Med Press). 2009 Oct 5;1:31-8. doi: 10.2147/bctt.s6254.
Alcohol consumption is an established risk factor for breast cancer. Nonetheless, the mechanism by which alcohol contributes to breast tumor initiation or progression has yet to be definitively established. Studies using cultured human tumor cell lines have identified signaling molecules that may contribute to the effects of alcohol, including reactive oxygen species and other ethanol metabolites, matrix metalloproteases, the ErbB2/Her2/Neu receptor tyrosine kinase, cytoplasmic protein kinases, adenylate cyclase, E-cadherins, estrogen receptor, and a variety of transcription factors. Emerging data suggest that the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase may contribute to breast cancer genesis and progression. Here we integrate these findings and propose three mechanisms by which alcohol contributes to breast cancer. A common feature of these mechanisms is increased EGFR signaling. Finally, we discuss how these mechanisms suggest strategies for addressing the risks associated with alcohol consumption.
饮酒是乳腺癌的既定风险因素。尽管如此，酒精促进乳腺肿瘤发生或进展的机制尚未得到明确证实。使用培养的人肿瘤细胞系进行的研究已经确定了可能有助于酒精作用的信号分子，包括活性氧和其他乙醇代谢物、基质金属蛋白酶、ErbB2/Her2/Neu 受体酪氨酸激酶、细胞质蛋白激酶、腺苷酸环化酶、E-钙黏蛋白、雌激素受体和多种转录因子。新出现的数据表明，表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）酪氨酸激酶可能有助于乳腺癌的发生和发展。在这里，我们整合了这些发现，并提出了酒精促进乳腺癌发生的三种机制。这些机制的一个共同特征是 EGFR 信号的增加。最后，我们讨论了这些机制如何为解决与饮酒相关的风险提供策略。
