Johnson Emily D, Carroll Dana G
Auburn University , Harrison School of Pharmacy. Auburn AL ( United States ).
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Auburn University , Harrison School of Pharmacy. Auburn, AL ( United States ).
Pharm Pract (Granada). 2011 Jul;9(3):117-21. Epub 2011 Sep 14.
Vasomotor flushes are common complaints of women during and after menopause, affecting about 75 percent of this population. Estrogen therapy is the most effective treatment for hot flashes. However, there are a significant number of women who have contraindications or choose not to use estrogen due to potential risks such as breast cancer and thromboembolic disorders. These women need alternative options. The selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, venlafaxine and desvenlafaxine, have shown efficacy in alleviating hot flashes.
The purpose of this review is to assess the efficacy and tolerability of these two agents for treatment of hot flashes in healthy postmenopausal women.
A literature search of the MEDLINE and Ovid databases from inception to June 2011 was conducted. Randomized controlled trials, published in English, with human participants were included. Studies included postmenopausal women, and trials with breast cancer only populations were excluded.
Venlafaxine reduced hot flashes by 37 to 61 percent and desvenlafaxine by 55 to 69 percent. Both agents were well tolerated. The most common adverse effects were headache, dry mouth, nausea, insomnia, somnolence, and dizziness.
Based on the evidence, venlafaxine and desvenlafaxine are both viable options for reducing the frequency and severity of hot flashes.
血管舒缩性潮红是女性在绝经期间及绝经后常见的症状，约75%的绝经女性受其影响。雌激素疗法是治疗潮热最有效的方法。然而，有相当数量的女性因存在诸如乳腺癌和血栓栓塞性疾病等潜在风险而有用药禁忌或选择不使用雌激素。这些女性需要其他选择。选择性去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂文拉法辛和度洛西汀已显示出缓解潮热的疗效。
本综述的目的是评估这两种药物治疗健康绝经后女性潮热的疗效和耐受性。
对MEDLINE和Ovid数据库从建库至2011年6月进行文献检索。纳入以英文发表的、有人类受试者参与的随机对照试验。研究对象包括绝经后女性，仅纳入乳腺癌患者的试验被排除。
文拉法辛可使潮热减少37%至61%，度洛西汀可使潮热减少55%至69%。两种药物耐受性均良好。最常见的不良反应为头痛、口干、恶心、失眠、嗜睡和头晕。
基于现有证据，文拉法辛和度洛西汀都是降低潮热频率和严重程度的可行选择。
