在室内使用诱蚊毒糖饵（ATSB）并结合蚊帐来控制对拟除虫菊酯耐药的蚊子。
Indoor application of attractive toxic sugar bait (ATSB) in combination with mosquito nets for control of pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes.
作者信息
Stewart Zachary P, Oxborough Richard M, Tungu Patrick K, Kirby Matthew J, Rowland Mark W, Irish Seth R
机构信息
Faculty of Infectious Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom ; Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States of America.
Faculty of Infectious Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom ; Pan-African Malaria Vector Research Consortium (PAMVERC), Moshi, Tanzania ; Department of Parasitology and Entomology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College (KCMUCo) of Tumaini University, Moshi, Tanzania.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2013 Dec 19;8(12):e84168. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084168. eCollection 2013.
BACKGROUND
Attractive toxic sugar bait (ATSB) sprayed onto vegetation has been successful in controlling Anopheles mosquitoes outdoors. Indoor application of ATSB has yet to be explored. The purpose of this study was to determine whether ATSB stations positioned indoors have the potential to kill host-seeking mosquitoes and constitute a new approach to control of mosquito-borne diseases.
METHODS
Insecticides were mixed with dyed sugar solution and tested as toxic baits against Anopheles arabiensis, An. Gambiae s.s. and Culex quinquefasciatus in feeding bioassay tests to identify suitable attractant-insecticide combinations. The most promising ATSB candidates were then trialed in experimental huts in Moshi, Tanzania. ATSB stations were hung in huts next to untreated mosquito nets occupied by human volunteers. The proportions of mosquitoes killed in huts with ATSB treatments relative to huts with non-insecticide control treatments huts were recorded, noting evidence of dye in mosquito abdomens.
RESULTS
In feeding bioassays, chlorfenapyr 0.5% v/v, boric acid 2% w/v, and tolfenpyrad 1% v/v, mixed in a guava juice-based bait, each killed more than 90% of pyrethroid-susceptible An. Gambiae s.s. and pyrethroid-resistant An. arabiensis and Cx. quinquefasciatus. In the hut trial, mortality rates of the three ATSB treatments ranged from 41-48% against An. arabiensis and 36-43% against Cx. quinquefasciatus and all were significantly greater than the control mortalities: 18% for An. arabiensis, 7% for Cx. quinquefasciatus (p<0.05). Mortality rates with ATSB were comparable to those with long lasting insecticidal nets previously tested against the same species in this area.
CONCLUSIONS
Indoor ATSB shows promise as a supplement to mosquito nets for controlling mosquitoes. Indoor ATSB constitute a novel application method for insecticide classes that act as stomach poisons and have not hitherto been exploited for mosquito control. Combined with LLIN, indoor use of ATSB has the potential to serve as a strategy for managing insecticide resistance.
背景
喷洒在植被上的诱蚊毒糖饵（ATSB）已成功用于户外控制按蚊。ATSB 在室内的应用尚未得到探索。本研究的目的是确定放置在室内的 ATSB 站是否有潜力杀死寻找宿主的蚊子，并构成一种控制蚊媒疾病的新方法。
方法
将杀虫剂与染色糖溶液混合，作为毒饵在摄食生物测定试验中针对阿拉伯按蚊、冈比亚按蚊指名亚种和致倦库蚊进行测试，以确定合适的引诱剂 - 杀虫剂组合。然后在坦桑尼亚莫希的实验小屋中对最有前景的 ATSB 候选物进行试验。将 ATSB 站挂在小屋中，旁边是有人类志愿者居住的未处理蚊帐。记录经 ATSB 处理的小屋中蚊子的死亡率与经非杀虫剂对照处理的小屋中蚊子死亡率的比例，并注意蚊子腹部有染料的证据。
结果
在摄食生物测定中，将 0.5% v/v 的溴虫腈、2% w/v 的硼酸和 1% v/v 的唑虫酰胺与番石榴汁基诱饵混合，每种都杀死了超过 90% 的对拟除虫菊酯敏感的冈比亚按蚊指名亚种以及对拟除虫菊酯耐药的阿拉伯按蚊和致倦库蚊。在小屋试验中，三种 ATSB 处理对阿拉伯按蚊的死亡率在 41% - 48% 之间，对致倦库蚊的死亡率在 36% - 43% 之间，且均显著高于对照死亡率：阿拉伯按蚊为 18%，致倦库蚊为 7%（p < 0.05）。ATSB 的死亡率与该地区之前针对相同物种测试的长效杀虫蚊帐相当。
结论
室内 ATSB 有望作为蚊帐的补充用于控制蚊子。室内 ATSB 构成了一类用作胃毒剂的杀虫剂的新型应用方法，这类杀虫剂迄今尚未用于蚊虫控制。与长效杀虫蚊帐相结合，室内使用 ATSB 有可能成为管理杀虫剂抗性的一种策略。
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