Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, 2650 North Young Avenue, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA.
Chem Senses. 2014 Mar;39(3):215-28. doi: 10.1093/chemse/bjt070. Epub 2013 Dec 24.
This study aimed to determine 1) whether certain background sounds can be matched with specific odors and 2) whether the background sounds can increase pleasantness for their congruent odors. In Experiment 1, congruent sounds increased odor pleasantness, but not odor intensity, significantly more than incongruent sounds. Experiment 2 demonstrated that certain background sounds can be paired with specific odors. For example, cinnamon, clove, and orange odors were rated significantly more congruent with a Christmas carol compared with the sound of brushing teeth and/or the beach sound. The congruent sounds increased odor pleasantness significantly more than incongruent sounds. Similarly, the congruent sound-induced odor pleasantness was observed in Experiment 3. As participants judged the pair of odor and sound to be more congruent, they rated the odor significantly more pleasant. Congruent sound assisted participants in identifying and in being familiar with the odor, thereby leading to an increase in odor pleasantness. However, the congruent sound-induced odor pleasantness was not obtained in all odors. In conclusion, this study provides new empirical evidence that pleasantness ratings for odors can increase in the presence of their congruent sounds.
1）某些背景声音是否可以与特定气味相匹配，以及 2）背景声音是否可以增加与其一致的气味的愉悦度。在实验 1 中，与不一致的声音相比，一致的声音明显更能增加气味的愉悦度，但不会增加气味强度。实验 2 表明，某些背景声音可以与特定气味相匹配。例如，肉桂、丁香和橙子的气味与圣诞颂歌相比，与刷牙声和/或海滩声相比，被评为更一致。与不一致的声音相比，一致的声音明显更能增加气味的愉悦度。同样，在实验 3 中也观察到了一致声音引起的气味愉悦度。当参与者判断气味和声音更一致时，他们会显著地评价气味更令人愉悦。一致的声音帮助参与者识别和熟悉气味，从而增加了气味的愉悦度。然而，并非所有气味都能产生一致声音引起的气味愉悦度。总之，本研究提供了新的实证证据，表明在存在与其一致的声音时，气味的愉悦度评分可以增加。
