Sun Wei, Curtiss Roy
Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology at Biodesign Institute, P.O. BOX 875401 Tempe, AZ 85287-5401, USA.
Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2013;14(10):878-86. doi: 10.2174/1389201014666131226122243.
The risk of plague as a bioweapon has prompted increasing research efforts to develop plague vaccines due to its extreme virulence and the ease of its transmission. Subunit vaccines that contain F1 and LcrV antigens of Y. pestis have been tested for safety and immunogenicity, but doubts have been raised about whether subunit vaccines that engender antibody responses will protect against pneumonic plague, which requires both humeral and cellular immune responses for protection. The live, attenuated vaccine EV76, a pgm locus deficient Y. pestis strain, has been used for a long time in the Former Soviet Union and some Asian countries, but is not commercially available in the US and Europe due to safety concerns. However, the live attenuated Y. pestis vaccines are still considered to be the most effective way to prevent plague. In this review, we present our opinions about rationally creating live, safe and immunogenic Y. pestis vaccines with potential use for human based on established researches.
由于鼠疫具有极高的毒力且易于传播，其作为生物武器的风险促使人们加大了对鼠疫疫苗研发的研究力度。含有鼠疫耶尔森菌F1和LcrV抗原的亚单位疫苗已进行了安全性和免疫原性测试，但对于产生抗体反应的亚单位疫苗是否能预防肺鼠疫存在疑问，肺鼠疫的预防需要体液免疫和细胞免疫反应。减毒活疫苗EV76是一种pgm位点缺失的鼠疫耶尔森菌菌株，在前苏联和一些亚洲国家已长期使用，但由于安全问题在美国和欧洲未上市。然而，减毒活鼠疫耶尔森菌疫苗仍被认为是预防鼠疫最有效的方法。在本综述中，我们基于已有的研究，就合理研发对人类有潜在用途的、活的、安全且具有免疫原性的鼠疫耶尔森菌疫苗发表我们的看法。
