Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2014;55(2):144-53. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.12137. Epub 2013 Dec 30.
The purpose of this study is to compare the dimensional psychopathology, as ascertained by parental report, in preschool offspring of parents with bipolar disorder (BP) and offspring of community control parents.
122 preschool offspring (mean age 3.3 years) of 84 parents with BP, with 102 offspring of 65 control parents (36 healthy, 29 with non-BP psychopathology), were evaluated using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), the CBCL-Dysregulation Profile (CBCL-DP), the Early Childhood Inventory (ECI-4), and the Emotionality Activity Sociability (EAS) survey. Teachers' Report Forms (TRF) were available for 51 preschoolers.
After adjusting for confounders, offspring of parents with BP showed higher scores in the CBCL total, externalizing, somatic, sleep, aggressive, and CBCL-DP subscales; the ECI-4 sleep problem scale; and the EAS total and emotionality scale. The proportion of offspring with CBCL T-scores ≥ 2 SD above the norm was significantly higher on most CBCL subscales and the CBCL-DP in offspring of parents with BP compared to offspring of controls even after excluding offspring with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and/or oppositional defiant disorder. Compared to offspring of parents with BP-I, offspring of parents with BP-II showed significantly higher scores in total and most CBCL subscales, the ECI-4 anxiety and sleep scales and the EAS emotionality scale. For both groups of parents, there were significant correlations between CBCL and TRF scores (r = .32-.38, p-values ≤.02).
Independent of categorical axis-I psychopathology and other demographic or clinical factors in both biological parents, preschool offspring of parents with BP have significantly greater aggression, mood dysregulation, sleep disturbances, and somatic complaints compared to offspring of control parents. Interventions to target these symptoms are warranted.
本研究旨在比较通过父母报告得出的双相障碍（BP）父母的学龄前子女和社区对照父母的子女的维度心理病理学。
评估了 84 名 BP 父母的 122 名学龄前子女（平均年龄 3.3 岁），其中 102 名子女的父母为 65 名对照父母（36 名健康父母，29 名非 BP 精神病理学父母），使用儿童行为检查表（CBCL）、CBCL 失调特征（CBCL-DP）、早期儿童综合评估（ECI-4）和情绪活动社交性（EAS）调查。对于 51 名学龄前儿童，可获得教师报告表（TRF）。
在调整混杂因素后，BP 父母的子女在 CBCL 总分、外化、躯体、睡眠、攻击和 CBCL-DP 子量表、ECI-4 睡眠问题量表和 EAS 总分和情绪量表上的得分较高。与对照组相比，BP 父母的子女的大多数 CBCL 子量表和 CBCL-DP 的 T 分数≥正常 2 个标准差的比例显著更高，即使排除注意力缺陷多动障碍和/或对立违抗性障碍的儿童也是如此。与 BP-I 父母的子女相比，BP-II 父母的子女在 CBCL 总分和大多数 CBCL 子量表、ECI-4 焦虑和睡眠量表以及 EAS 情绪量表上的得分更高。对于这两组父母，CBCL 和 TRF 评分之间存在显著相关性（r =.32-.38，p 值≤.02）。
独立于生物父母的分类轴 I 精神病理学和其他人口统计学或临床因素，BP 父母的学龄前子女与对照组父母的子女相比，具有明显更高的攻击性、情绪失调、睡眠障碍和躯体主诉。需要针对这些症状进行干预。
