Paul Christine L, Bryant Jamie, Turon Heidi, Brozek Irena, Noble Natasha, Zucca Alison
Health Behaviour Research Group, Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, University of Newcastle & Hunter Medical Research Institute, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2014 Apr-Jun;30(2-3):160-6. doi: 10.1111/phpp.12103. Epub 2014 Jan 23.
Skin cancers including melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers are a high-cost and largely preventable form of cancer. While limiting exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) light via outdoor activities is a focus of public health efforts, indoor UV exposure via solaria or 'tanning booths' has also become a cause for concern. In recent decades the availability of less harmful non-UV self-tanning products such as sprays and lotions has increased. This review explores (i) the available data regarding the prevalence and behavioural factors associated with use of solaria and self-tanning products and (ii) data that may shed light on the likelihood of solaria users substituting self-tanning products as a less harmful alternative to solaria exposure. While there are insufficient data on which to draw a firm conclusion about the potential for substitution, it appears unlikely that most solaria users would readily substitute self-tanning products in place of solaria exposure. Public health advocates may need to consider whether a robust research study of the cost-effectiveness of encouraging substitutional use of self-tanners is desirable, or whether efforts to severely restrict access to solaria may be a better approach.
包括黑色素瘤和非黑色素瘤皮肤癌在内的皮肤癌是一种高成本且在很大程度上可预防的癌症形式。虽然通过户外活动限制暴露于太阳紫外线（UV）是公共卫生努力的重点，但通过日光浴室或“晒黑 booths”的室内紫外线暴露也已成为一个令人担忧的问题。近几十年来，喷雾和乳液等危害较小的非紫外线自晒黑产品的可用性有所增加。本综述探讨了（i）关于日光浴室和自晒黑产品使用的患病率及行为因素的现有数据，以及（ii）可能有助于了解日光浴室使用者用自晒黑产品替代日光浴室暴露作为危害较小的替代方法可能性的数据。虽然关于替代可能性的数据不足，无法得出确凿结论，但大多数日光浴室使用者似乎不太可能轻易用自晒黑产品替代日光浴室暴露。公共卫生倡导者可能需要考虑，对鼓励替代使用自晒黑产品的成本效益进行强有力的研究是否可取，或者严格限制使用日光浴室的努力是否可能是更好的方法。
