Sidrak Samuel, Yoong Terence, Woolfenden Susan
Department of Community Paediatrics, Sydney and South Western Sydney Local Health Districts, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
J Paediatr Child Health. 2014 May;50(5):356-61. doi: 10.1111/jpc.12483. Epub 2013 Dec 23.
To investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for iron deficiency in children with global developmental delay and/or autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
A retrospective review was conducted of the files of children referred to community paediatric clinics in South West Sydney from May 2009 to July 2011 who were diagnosed with global developmental delay and/or ASD. Data were extracted on iron studies and potential risk factors. Data were analysed using Pearson's ÷(2) -test and Fisher's exact test.
Subjects included 122 children. The prevalence of iron depletion was 2.5% (95% CI 0.5-7.0%); that of iron deficiency was 6.6% (95% CI 2.9-12.5%), and that of iron deficiency anaemia was 4.1% (95% CI 1.3-9.3%). In children with global developmental delay without ASD, the prevalence of iron depletion was 1.8% (95% CI 0-9.7%), that of iron deficiency 5.5% (95% CI 1.1-15.1%) and that of iron deficiency anaemia 5.5% (95% CI 1.1-15.1%). In children with ASD with or without global developmental delay, the prevalence of iron depletion was 3.0% (95% CI 0.4-10.4%), that of iron deficiency 7.5% (95% CI 2.5-16.6%) and that of iron deficiency anaemia 3.0% (95% CI 0.4-10.4%). Univariate analysis demonstrated three significant potential risk factors for iron depletion, iron deficiency and iron deficiency anaemia: problems sucking, swallowing or chewing (P = 0.002); poor eating behaviour (P = 0.008); and inadequate amounts of meat, chicken, eggs or fish (P = 0.002).
Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anaemia were more common in this clinical sample of children with global developmental delay and/or ASD than in the general population.
调查全球发育迟缓及/或自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童缺铁的患病率及危险因素。
对2009年5月至2011年7月转诊至悉尼西南部社区儿科诊所且被诊断为全球发育迟缓及/或ASD的儿童病历进行回顾性研究。提取铁代谢研究及潜在危险因素的数据。采用Pearson卡方检验和Fisher精确检验进行数据分析。
研究对象包括122名儿童。铁耗竭的患病率为2.5%（95%可信区间0.5 - 7.0%）；缺铁的患病率为6.6%（95%可信区间2.9 - 12.5%），缺铁性贫血的患病率为4.1%（95%可信区间1.3 - 9.3%）。在无ASD的全球发育迟缓儿童中，铁耗竭的患病率为1.8%（95%可信区间0 - 9.7%），缺铁的患病率为5.5%（95%可信区间1.1 - 15.1%），缺铁性贫血的患病率为5.5%（95%可信区间1.1 - 15.1%）。在有或无全球发育迟缓的ASD儿童中，铁耗竭的患病率为3.0%（95%可信区间0.4 - 10.4%），缺铁的患病率为7.5%（95%可信区间2.5 - 16.6%），缺铁性贫血的患病率为3.0%（95%可信区间0.4 - 10.4%）。单因素分析显示，铁耗竭、缺铁和缺铁性贫血有三个显著的潜在危险因素：吸吮、吞咽或咀嚼问题（P = 0.002）；不良饮食行为（P = 0.008）；肉类、鸡肉、鸡蛋或鱼类摄入量不足（P = 0.002）。
在这个全球发育迟缓及/或ASD儿童的临床样本中，缺铁和缺铁性贫血比一般人群更常见。
