Hisaka Shinsuke, Osawa Toshihiko
Department of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagyoa, Japan,
Subcell Biochem. 2014;77:41-8. doi: 10.1007/978-94-007-7920-4_3.
Phospholipids such as phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine play crucial roles in the biological system to maintain the cellular environmental condition. Despite that, oxidative stress targets these phospholipids containing polyunsaturated fatty acids and accompanies the oxidized phospholipids. Recent studies have been suggested that oxidized phospholipids have the relationship with inflammation and might induce the atherosclerosis formation by uptake of oxidized LDL through scavenger receptor as ligands. Red blood cells, which have been studied the bilayer model, are also modified by oxidative stress because hemoglobin can mediate and produce the reactive oxygen species, which leads to lipid peroxidation of biomembrane. In these oxidation processes of biomolecules, hexanoylation against phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine, which has the primary amine and is the target of this modification, generates the oxidized membrane such as erythrocyte ghosts. This unique structure of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine is possibly the useful biomarker to evaluate the oxidation of biomembrane in vivo using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and monoclonal antibody.
磷脂，如磷脂酰乙醇胺和磷脂酰胆碱，在维持细胞环境条件的生物系统中发挥着关键作用。尽管如此，氧化应激会靶向这些含有多不饱和脂肪酸的磷脂，并伴随着氧化磷脂的产生。最近的研究表明，氧化磷脂与炎症有关，并且可能通过清道夫受体将氧化低密度脂蛋白作为配体摄取，从而诱导动脉粥样硬化的形成。红细胞，其双层模型已被研究，也会受到氧化应激的影响，因为血红蛋白可以介导并产生活性氧，这会导致生物膜的脂质过氧化。在这些生物分子的氧化过程中，针对磷脂酰乙醇胺和磷脂酰丝氨酸的己酰化反应，这两种物质含有伯胺且是这种修饰的靶点，会产生如红细胞影等氧化膜。磷脂酰乙醇胺和磷脂酰丝氨酸的这种独特结构可能是一种有用的生物标志物，可利用液相色谱串联质谱法和单克隆抗体在体内评估生物膜的氧化情况。
