School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, P. R. China.
Electrophoresis. 2014 Mar;35(6):793-803. doi: 10.1002/elps.201300528. Epub 2014 Jan 31.
Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are very important luminescent nanomaterials with a wide range of potential applications. Currently, QDs as labeling probes are broadly used in bioassays, including immunoassay, DNA hybridization, and bioimaging, due to their excellent physical and chemical properties, such as broad excitation spectra, narrow and size-dependent emission profiles, long fluorescence life time, and good photostability. The characterization of QDs and their conjugates is crucial for their wide bioapplications. CE has become a powerful tool for the separation and characterization of QDs and their conjugates. In this review, some CE separation models of QDs are first introduced, mainly including CZE, CGE, MEKC, and ITP. And then, some key applications, such as the measurements of size, surface charge, and concentration of QDs and the characterization of QDs conjugates (e.g. QD-protein, QD-DNA, QD-small molecule), are also described. Finally, future perspectives are discussed.
半导体量子点 (QDs) 是一类非常重要的发光纳米材料，具有广泛的潜在应用。目前，由于其优异的物理化学性质，如宽激发谱、窄且尺寸依赖的发射谱、长荧光寿命和良好的光稳定性，QDs 作为标记探针在生物分析中得到了广泛的应用，包括免疫分析、DNA 杂交和生物成像。QDs 及其缀合物的特性分析对于其广泛的生物应用至关重要。CE 已成为分离和表征 QDs 及其缀合物的有力工具。在本综述中，首先介绍了一些 QDs 的 CE 分离模型，主要包括 CZE、CGE、MEKC 和 ITP。然后，还描述了一些关键应用，例如 QDs 的尺寸、表面电荷和浓度的测量以及 QDs 缀合物的特性（例如 QD-蛋白、QD-DNA、QD-小分子）的表征。最后，讨论了未来的展望。
