Weitkamp Katharina, Daniels Judith K, Hofmann Helmut, Timmermann Helene, Romer Georg, Wiegand-Grefe Silke
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf.
Department of Psychiatry, Universitätsmedizin Charité Berlin.
Psychotherapy (Chic). 2014 Mar;51(1):138-47. doi: 10.1037/a0034178. Epub 2013 Dec 30.
This waitlist-controlled field study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of psychoanalytic short- and long-term psychotherapy for children and adolescents by using a prospective design. The presented analyses focus on the self- and parent-reported levels of depression and the therapists' ratings of the patients' level of functioning. Thirty-five children and adolescents (aged 4-21 years) and their parents who entered psychoanalytic therapy in private practices in northern Germany participated in this ongoing study. At the time of data analysis, the wait-list control group comprised 17 patients. Data were collected from therapists, parents, and from the patients themselves. Questionnaires were administered at the beginning and the end of treatment, as well as up to 5 points in time during therapy. Follow-up took place at 6 and 12 months after therapy. Depression levels were measured with the self- and parent-reported screening questionnaire Child Depression Inventory, and quality of life with the KIDSCREEN. Patients received, on average, 97 sessions of therapy (range: 25-205). Overall, patients showed pronounced impairments at the commencement of outpatient therapy. At the end of therapy, there was a significant reduction in depression in the treatment group (parent report: d = 0.88, p < .001; patient report d = 0.68, p ≤ .003). The wait-list control group, which received minimal treatment, displayed a slight, but not statistically significant, symptom improvement in the patient report (d = 0.07, p ≤ .503), but a significant improvement in the parent report (d = 0.49, p ≤ .008). The results suggest that psychoanalytic therapy is successful in alleviating depressive pathology and improving quality of life for a significant number of depressed children and adolescents.
这项等待名单对照的现场研究旨在通过前瞻性设计评估精神分析短期和长期心理治疗对儿童和青少年的有效性。所呈现的分析聚焦于自我报告和家长报告的抑郁水平以及治疗师对患者功能水平的评分。35名儿童和青少年（年龄在4至21岁之间）及其父母在德国北部的私人诊所接受精神分析治疗，参与了这项正在进行的研究。在数据分析时，等待名单对照组有17名患者。数据收集自治疗师、家长以及患者本人。在治疗开始和结束时，以及治疗期间多达5个时间点发放问卷。随访在治疗后6个月和12个月进行。抑郁水平通过自我报告和家长报告的筛查问卷儿童抑郁量表进行测量，生活质量通过儿童生活质量量表进行测量。患者平均接受了97次治疗（范围：25至205次）。总体而言，患者在门诊治疗开始时表现出明显的功能损害。在治疗结束时，治疗组的抑郁有显著降低（家长报告：d = 0.88，p < .001；患者报告d = 0.68，p ≤ .003）。接受最少治疗的等待名单对照组在患者报告中显示出轻微但无统计学意义的症状改善（d = 0.07，p ≤ .503），但在家长报告中有显著改善（d = 0.49，p ≤ .008）。结果表明，精神分析治疗对于大量抑郁儿童和青少年在缓解抑郁病理和改善生活质量方面是成功的。
