State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Dioxin Pollution Control, National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement, 1 South Yuhui Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
Chemosphere. 2014 May;102:24-30. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.12.006. Epub 2013 Dec 28.
In developing countries such as China, there is a strong need for simple and rapid bioassays for the determination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in environmental samples; i.e., flue gas and fly ash from waste incinerators. In this study, we applied the DR-EcoScreen cell (DR-cell) assay to determination of PCDD/Fs in 78 flue gas samples obtained from various waste incinerators in China between 2009 and 2011. The flue gas samples were obtained from four kinds of incinerators, classified into hazardous, medical and municipal-solid waste, and iron ore sintering, and the flue gas extracts were cleaned up using an SPD-600 automated-sample preparation device for DR-cell assay. The PCDD/Fs values obtained from the DR-cell assay were compared with those obtained from conventional high resolution gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC-HRMS) analysis. The bioanalytical equivalent (BEQ) values obtained from the DR-cell assay were very closely correlated with the international toxicity equivalent (I-TEQ) values from HRGC-HRMS analysis (r2=0.98, n=78), while the BEQ values were 5.52-fold higher than the I-TEQ values, as the PCDFs, which account for 80% of the total I-TEQ value, were overestimated by DR cell-assay. Therefore, we multiplied the BEQ values from the DR-cell assay by a conversion coefficient (0.181, the reciprocal of 5.52), and could approximate the TEQ values from the HRGC-HRMS analysis. These results suggest that the DR-cell assay combined with SPD-600 cleanup provides a promising method for the simple and rapid screening of PCDD/Fs levels in flue gas samples, such as those from various waste incinerators in China.
在中国等发展中国家，人们强烈需要简单快速的生物测定法来测定环境样品（如废物焚烧炉的烟道气和飞灰）中的多氯二苯并对二恶英和多氯二苯并呋喃（PCDD/Fs）。在这项研究中，我们应用 DR-EcoScreen 细胞（DR 细胞）测定法测定了 2009 年至 2011 年期间从中国各种废物焚烧炉获得的 78 个烟道气样本中的 PCDD/Fs。烟道气样本来自四种焚烧炉，分为危险废物、医疗废物和城市固体废物、以及铁矿石烧结，并用 SPD-600 自动样品制备设备对烟道气提取物进行净化，以便进行 DR 细胞测定。从 DR 细胞测定法获得的 PCDD/Fs 值与从传统高分辨率气相色谱-高分辨率质谱（HRGC-HRMS）分析获得的值进行了比较。从 DR 细胞测定法获得的生物分析当量（BEQ）值与 HRGC-HRMS 分析的国际毒性当量（I-TEQ）值非常密切相关（r2=0.98，n=78），而 BEQ 值比 I-TEQ 值高 5.52 倍，因为占总 I-TEQ 值 80%的 PCDFs 被 DR 细胞测定法高估了。因此，我们将 DR 细胞测定法的 BEQ 值乘以转换系数（0.181，即 5.52 的倒数），可以近似 HRGC-HRMS 分析的 TEQ 值。这些结果表明，DR 细胞测定法结合 SPD-600 净化为测定中国各种废物焚烧炉烟道气等样品中的 PCDD/Fs 水平提供了一种有前途的简单快速筛选方法。
