Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kamenice 5, CZ-62500 Brno, Czech Republic.
Department of Biomedical Veterinary Sciences and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Environ Int. 2014 Mar;64:98-109. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2013.12.009. Epub 2013 Dec 31.
In vitro assays are broadly used tools to evaluate the estrogenic activity in Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) effluents and their receiving rivers. Since potencies of individual estrogens to induce in vitro and in vivo responses can differ it is not possible to directly evaluate risks based on in vitro measures of estrogenic activity. Estrone, 17beta-estradiol, 17alfa-ethinylestradiol and to some extent, estriol have been shown to be responsible for the majority of in vitro estrogenic activity of municipal WWTP effluents. Therefore, in the present study safe concentrations of Estrogenic Equivalents (EEQs-SSE) in municipal WWTP effluents were derived based on simplified assumption that the steroid estrogens are responsible for all estrogenicity determined with particular in vitro assays. EEQs-SSEs were derived using the bioassay and testing protocol-specific in vitro potencies of steroid estrogens, in vivo predicted no effect concentration (PNECs) of these compounds, and their relative contributions to the overall estrogenicity detected in municipal WWTP effluents. EEQs-SSEs for 15 individual bioassays varied from 0.1 to 0.4ng EEQ/L. The EEQs-SSEs are supposed to be increased by use of location-specific dilution factors of WWTP effluents entering receiving rivers. They are applicable to municipal wastewater and rivers close to their discharges, but not to industrial waste waters.
在体外测定法是广泛用于评估废水处理厂（WWTP）废水中雌激素活性及其受纳河流的工具。由于个体雌激素诱导体内和体外反应的效力可能不同，因此不可能直接根据雌激素活性的体外测定来评估风险。雌酮、17β-雌二醇、17α-乙炔雌二醇以及在一定程度上雌三醇已被证明是造成大多数城市 WWTP 废水具有体外雌激素活性的原因。因此，在本研究中，基于类固醇雌激素负责用特定的体外测定法测定的所有雌激素活性的简化假设，从市政 WWTP 废水中推导出雌激素等效物（SSE-EEQs）的安全浓度。SSE-EEQs 是使用生物测定法和测试协议中类固醇雌激素的特定体外效力、这些化合物的体内预测无效应浓度（PNECs）以及它们对市政 WWTP 废水中检测到的整体雌激素活性的相对贡献来推导的。15 种单独的生物测定法的 SSE-EEQs 从 0.1 到 0.4ng EEQ/L 不等。SSE-EEQs 应通过使用进入受纳河流的 WWTP 废水的特定位置稀释因子来增加。它们适用于城市废水和靠近排放口的河流，但不适用于工业废水。
