Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Ulan-Batorskaya, 664033, Irkutsk, Russia,
J Microbiol. 2013 Dec;51(6):757-65. doi: 10.1007/s12275-013-3240-4. Epub 2013 Dec 19.
The majority of naturally occurring biofilms contain numerous microorganisms that have not yet been cultured. Additionally, there is little information available regarding the genetic structure and species diversity of these communities. Therefore, we characterised the species diversity, structure and metagenome of biofilms grown on stones and steel plates in the littoral zone of Lake Baikal (East Siberia, Russia) by applying three different approaches. First, light microscopy enabled identification of the species diversity of biofilm-forming cyanobacteria on different substrates with the dominance of Rivularia rufescens, Tolypothrix limbata, Chamaesiphon fuscus, Ch. subglobosus, and Heteroleibleinia pusilla. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy was used to show the spatial structure of biofilms. Finally, sequence analysis of 30,660 16S rRNA clones indicated a high diversity within the biofilm communities, with the majority of the microbes being closely related to Cyanobacteria (8-46% sequences), Proteobacteria (14-43%), and Bacteroidetes (10-41%). Rivularia sp., Pseudanabaena sp., and Chamaesiphon spp. were the dominant cyanobacterial phylotypes.
大多数自然形成的生物膜中都含有大量尚未培养的微生物。此外，关于这些群落的遗传结构和物种多样性的信息也很少。因此，我们采用三种不同的方法来描述贝加尔湖（俄罗斯西伯利亚东部）潮间带石块和钢板上生物膜的物种多样性、结构和宏基因组。首先，利用光学显微镜对不同基质上形成生物膜的蓝细菌的物种多样性进行了鉴定，优势种为红束丝藻、扭鞘藻、鞘丝藻、拟球藻和柔弱鞘丝藻。此外，扫描电子显微镜用于显示生物膜的空间结构。最后，对 30660 个 16S rRNA 克隆的序列分析表明，生物膜群落内具有很高的多样性，大多数微生物与蓝细菌（8-46%的序列）、变形菌（14-43%）和拟杆菌（10-41%）密切相关。红束丝藻、伪鱼腥藻和鞘丝藻属是主要的蓝细菌类群。
