Laboratory on Language, the Brain and Cognition (L2C2), UMR5304, Institut des Sciences Cognitives, 67, Bd Pinel-69675 Bron Cedex, France.
Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone (INT), UMR 7289 CNRS, Aix Marseille University, Campus de Santé Timone, 27 Bd. Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France.
Neuropsychologia. 2014 Mar;55:6-14. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2013.12.017. Epub 2014 Jan 3.
We have previously shown that mental rehearsal can replace up to 75% of physical practice for learning a visuomotor task (Allami, Paulignan, Brovelli, & Boussaoud, (2008). Experimental Brain Research, 184, 105-113). Presumably, mental rehearsal must induce brain changes that facilitate motor learning. We tested this hypothesis by recording scalp electroencephalographic activity (EEG) in two groups of subjects. In one group, subjects executed a reach to grasp task for 240 trials. In the second group, subjects learned the task through a combination of mental rehearsal for the initial 180 trials followed by the execution of 60 trials. Thus, one group physically executed the task for 240 trials, the other only for 60 trials. Amplitudes and latencies of event-related potentials (ERPs) were compared across groups at different stages during learning. We found that ERP activity increases dramatically with training and reaches the same amplitude over the premotor regions in the two groups, despite large differences in physically executed trials. These findings suggest that during mental rehearsal, neuronal changes occur in the motor networks that make physical practice after mental rehearsal more effective in configuring functional networks for skilful behaviour.
我们之前已经表明，心理演练可以替代高达 75%的物理练习，从而学习视觉运动任务（Allami、Paulignan、Brovelli 和 Boussaoud，2008 年。实验脑研究，184，105-113）。推测，心理演练必须引起大脑变化，从而促进运动学习。我们通过记录两组受试者的头皮脑电图（EEG）活动来测试这个假设。在一组中，受试者执行了 240 次到达抓握任务。在第二组中，受试者通过在前 180 次练习中进行心理演练，然后执行 60 次练习来学习任务。因此，一组人实际执行了 240 次任务，另一组人仅执行了 60 次任务。在学习的不同阶段，我们比较了两组之间事件相关电位（ERP）的幅度和潜伏期。我们发现，尽管在实际执行的试验中存在很大差异，但 ERP 活动随着训练而急剧增加，并在两个组的运动前区域达到相同的幅度。这些发现表明，在心理演练期间，运动网络中会发生神经元变化，这使得心理演练后的物理练习在配置熟练行为的功能网络方面更加有效。
