Fuller R W, Maxwell D L, Dixon C M, McGregor G P, Barnes V F, Bloom S R, Barnes P J
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1987 Apr;62(4):1473-9. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1987.62.4.1473.
The effect of substance P (SP), administered both intravenously and by inhalation, has been studied in normal and asthmatic humans. Intravenous infusion of SP (0.2-3.3 pmol X kg-1 X min-1) achieving a plasma concentration of SP between 5 and 25 pM produced vasodilatation (mean +/- SD), maximal increase in skin temperature (0.9 +/- 0.3 degree C) (P less than 0.05), and fall in diastolic blood pressure (8.5 +/- 2.9 mmHg) (P less than 0.05) associated with an increase in heart rate (15 +/- 10 beats/min) (P less than 0.05). All subjects had a fall in Vp30 (airflow at 70% of forced vital capacity measured from total lung capacity after a forced partial expiratory flow maneuver) at low infusion rate (P less than 0.05) and a significant rise at the highest infusion rate (P less than 0.05). Ventilation at rest and when stimulated by transient hypoxia increased (mean increase in resting ventilation 0.73 +/- 0.4 l/min and mean percent increase in transient ventilatory hypoxic response 41 +/- 27%). There was a small nonsignificant increase in plasma norepinephrine but no change in epinephrine or histamine. Inhaled SP, up to 0.7 mumol, caused a small nonsignificant fall in airway function in asthmatic subjects. SP has demonstrable effects on vascular smooth muscle and control of ventilation but at the doses studied had little effect on airway function.
已在正常人和哮喘患者中研究了静脉内和吸入给予P物质（SP）的效果。静脉输注SP（0.2 - 3.3 pmol·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹）使血浆SP浓度达到5至25 pM时，会产生血管舒张（均值±标准差），皮肤温度最大升高（0.9±0.3℃）（P<0.05），舒张压下降（8.5±2.9 mmHg）（P<0.05），同时心率增加（15±10次/分钟）（P<0.05）。所有受试者在低输注速率时Vp30（在强制部分呼气流量操作后从肺总量测量的用力肺活量的70%时的气流）下降（P<0.05），而在最高输注速率时有显著升高（P<0.05）。静息时以及受到短暂缺氧刺激时的通气量增加（静息通气量平均增加0.73±0.4 l/分钟，短暂通气性低氧反应平均增加百分比为41±27%）。血浆去甲肾上腺素略有非显著性增加，但肾上腺素或组胺无变化。吸入高达0.7 μmol的SP会使哮喘患者的气道功能出现轻微的非显著性下降。SP对血管平滑肌和通气控制有明显作用，但在所研究的剂量下对气道功能影响不大。
