Burchard G D
ifi - Institut für Interdisziplinäre Medizin, Lohmühlenstr. 5, 20099, Hamburg, Deutschland,
Internist (Berl). 2014 Feb;55(2):165-76. doi: 10.1007/s00108-013-3390-9.
Malaria is the most important infectious disease imported by travelers and migrants from tropical and subtropical areas. It is imported quite frequently. It is a life-threatening disease. Symptoms are nonspecific and cannot easily be distinguished from a wide range of other febrile conditions. Therefore, travel history must be taken in all patients with fever of unknown origin and malaria diagnostics must be performed immediately on suspicion of malaria. Uncomplicated falciparum malaria should be treated in the hospital with either atovaquone-proguanil or with an artemisinin-based combination preparation. If there is evidence of severe malaria, the patient must be moved to an intensive care unit. The antiparasitic agent of choice is then artesunate.
疟疾是热带和亚热带地区旅行者及移民输入的最重要的传染病。其输入相当频繁。这是一种危及生命的疾病。症状不具特异性，很难与多种其他发热病症区分开来。因此，所有不明原因发热的患者都必须询问旅行史，一旦怀疑疟疾，必须立即进行疟疾诊断。非复杂性恶性疟应在医院使用阿托伐醌-氯胍或青蒿素类复方制剂进行治疗。如果有重症疟疾的迹象，患者必须转至重症监护病房。此时首选的抗寄生虫药物是青蒿琥酯。
